/* Types of thresholding */ #define CV_THRESH_BINARY      0  /* value = value > threshold ? max_value : 0       */ #define CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV  1  /* value = value > threshold ? 0 : max_value       */ #define CV_THRESH_TRUNC       2  /* value = value > threshold ? threshold : value   */ #define CV_THRESH_TOZERO      3  /* value = value > threshold ? value : 0           */ #define CV_THRESH_TOZERO_INV  4  /* value = value > threshold ? 0 : value           */ #define CV_THRESH_MASK        7  #define CV_THRESH_OTSU        8  /* use Otsu algorithm to choose the optimal threshold value;                                     combine the flag with one of the above CV_THRESH_* values */  /* Applies fixed-level threshold to grayscale image.    This is a basic operation applied before retrieving contours */ CVAPI(double)  cvThreshold( const CvArr*  src, CvArr*  dst,                             double  threshold, double  max_value,                             int threshold_type );  #define CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C  0 #define CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C  1  /* Applies adaptive threshold to grayscale image.    The two parameters for methods CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C and    CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C are:    neighborhood size (3, 5, 7 etc.),    and a constant subtracted from mean (...,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,...) */ CVAPI(void)  cvAdaptiveThreshold( const CvArr* src, CvArr* dst, double max_value,                                   int adaptive_method CV_DEFAULT(CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C),                                   int threshold_type CV_DEFAULT(CV_THRESH_BINARY),                                   int block_size CV_DEFAULT(3),                                   double param1 CV_DEFAULT(5));
opencv 调用如下： 
cvAdaptiveThreshold( s, dst, 255, CV_ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C,  CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV,  5, 15 );
s:输入单通道数据

dst :输出单通道数据

block_size    CV_Assert( blockSize % 2 == 1 && blockSize > 1 )  为奇数    为邻域大小

param1  加权平均减去的值