Effective C++: std::weak_ptr

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std::weak_ptr也是智能指针的一部分，我们使用std::shared_ptr主要是为了避免操心Pointer指向的资源。std::shared_ptr会释放掉不再使用的资源.但是这样也带来了问题:

1，环式指向(cyclic reference),如果两个std::shared_ptr相互指向对方,而且一旦不存在其他指向该对象的时候，这种情况下即使程序运行结束也不会释放资源的，因为每个std::shared_ptr的use_count()返回仍然是1.

2，另外一个情况是在 “想要明确共享该指针，但是却又不愿意拥有该指针的情况”。

 

Demo 1: 环式指向，没有任何析构函数被调用！（内存泄漏）

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

class Person {
public:
	std::string name;
	std::shared_ptr<Person> mother;
	std::shared_ptr<Person> father;
	std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Person>> kids;

	Person(const std::string& name_, std::shared_ptr<Person> m = nullptr, std::shared_ptr<Person> f = nullptr)
		:name(name_),
		mother(m),
		father(f)
	{
		//
	}

	~Person()
	{
		std::cout << "delete" << (this->name) << std::endl;
	}


};

std::shared_ptr<Person> initiaFamily(const std::string& name)
{
	std::shared_ptr<Person> mom(new Person(name + "'s mom"));
	std::shared_ptr<Person> dad(new Person(name + "'s dad"));
	std::shared_ptr<Person> kid(new Person(name, mom, dad));
	(mom->kids).push_back(kid);
	(dad->kids).push_back(kid);

	return kid;
}

int main()
{
	std::shared_ptr<Person> p = initiaFamily(std::string("nico"));

	return 0;
}

Demo 2: 运用std::weak_ptr解决问题

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

class Person {
public:
	std::string name;
	std::shared_ptr<Person> mother;
	std::shared_ptr<Person> father;
	std::vector<std::weak_ptr<Person>> kids;

	Person(const std::string& name_, std::shared_ptr<Person> m = nullptr, std::shared_ptr<Person> f = nullptr)
		:name(name_),
		mother(m),
		father(f)
	{
		//
	}

	~Person()
	{
		std::cout << "delete----" << (this->name) << std::endl;
	}
};

std::shared_ptr<Person> initiaFamily(const std::string& name)
{
	std::shared_ptr<Person> mom(new Person(name + "'s mom"));
	std::shared_ptr<Person> dad(new Person(name + "'s dad"));
	std::shared_ptr<Person> kid(new Person(name, mom, dad));
	(mom->kids).push_back(kid);
	(dad->kids).push_back(kid);

	return kid;
}

int main()
{
	std::shared_ptr<Person> p = initiaFamily(std::string("nico"));

	return 0;
}

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/SHIHUAMarryMe/blog/662424