ios HTML 持久化存储,iOS数据持久化存储-NSKeyedArchiver

归档文件

归档(称为序列化)是把对象转为字节码，以文件的形式存储到磁盘上；程序运行过程中或者当再次重写打开程序的时候，可以通过解归档(反序列化)还原这些对象。归档和解归档用于少量数据的持久化存储和读取。

归档和解归档常用API

//NSKeyedArchiver API

+ (BOOL)archiveRootObject:(id)rootObject toFile:(NSString *)path;

- (instancetype)initForWritingWithMutableData:(NSMutableData *)data;

- (void)finishEncoding;

- (void)encodeObject:(nullable id)objv forKey:(NSString *)key;

- (void)encodeBool:(BOOL)boolv forKey:(NSString *)key;

- (void)encodeInt:(int)intv forKey:(NSString *)key;

- (void)encodeFloat:(float)realv forKey:(NSString *)key;

- (void)encodeDouble:(double)realv forKey:(NSString *)key;

//NSKeyedUnarchiver API

+ (nullable id)unarchiveObjectWithData:(NSData *)data;

+ (nullable id)unarchiveObjectWithFile:(NSString *)path;

- (instancetype)initForReadingWithData:(NSData *)data;

- (void)finishDecoding;

- (nullable id)decodeObjectForKey:(NSString *)key;

- (BOOL)decodeBoolForKey:(NSString *)key;

- (int)decodeIntForKey:(NSString *)key;

- (float)decodeFloatForKey:(NSString *)key;

- (double)decodeDoubleForKey:(NSString *)key;

归档的方式：

针对对象进行归档(NSArray，NSDictionary等)

对自定义的内容进行归档

对自定义的对象进行归档

1、针对对象进行归档

- (void)objArchiver {

//归档(序列化)

NSArray *archiverAry = @[

@{@"Eugene" : @"ZhangYanJin"},

@{@"Chana" : @"LiChang"}

];

NSString *filePath = [self filePathWithName:@"Object"];

if ([NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:archiverAry toFile:filePath]) {

NSLog(@"\n\n\n归档成功：路径%@",filePath);

}

//解归档 (反序列化)

NSArray *unArchiverAry = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:filePath];

NSLog(@"\n解归档成功 %@",unArchiverAry);

/**

总结：

*优点：归档和解归档操作步骤简单方便

*缺点：一次只能归档一个对象，如果归档多个对象，需要分开麻烦，操作繁琐费时

*/

}

- (void)customContentArchiver {

//归档

//1、使用Data存放归档数据

NSMutableData *archiverData = [NSMutableData data];

//2、根据Data实例创建和初始化归档对象

NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:archiverData];

//3、添加归档内容(设置键值对)

[archiver encodeObject:@"Eugene" forKey:@"name"];

[archiver encodeObject:@"man" forKey:@"sex"];

[archiver encodeInt:25 forKey:@"age"];

[archiver encodeObject:@[@"OC",@"Swift",@"Html"] forKey:@"laguage"];

[archiver encodeObject:@{@"favorite" : @"cook"} forKey:@"life"];

[archiver encodeCGPoint:CGPointMake(1.0, 2.0) forKey:@"point"];

//4、完成归档

[archiver finishEncoding];

//5、将归档的信息存储到磁盘上

NSString *filePath = [self filePathWithName:@"CustomContent"];

if ([archiverData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES]) {

NSLog(@"\n\n\n归档成功：路径%@",filePath);

}

//解归档

//1、从磁盘读取文件，生成NSData实例

NSData *unarchiverData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath];

//2、根据Data实例创建和初始化解归档对象

NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:unarchiverData];

//3、解归档，根据key值访问

NSString *name = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];

NSDictionary *life = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"life"];

NSLog(@"\n解归档成功: %@ %@",name,life);

//4、完成解归档

[unarchiver finishDecoding];

/**

总结：

*优点：可以同时归档多个对象、以及不同类型的对象(如：Int、CGFloat、CGPoint)

*缺点：这里的对象都是基本类型数据，如果我想对自己定义类生成的实例对象进行归档，这样做将使操作又变得繁琐费时了

*/

}

- (void)customObjectArchiver {

//序列化和反序列化遵循NSCoding协议的自定义类

//归档

Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];

person.name = @"Eugene";

person.sex = @"man";

person.age = 25;

person.height = 175;

NSString *filePath = [self filePathWithName:@"CustomObject"];

if ([NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:person toFile:filePath]) {

NSLog(@"\n\n\n归档成功：路径%@",filePath);

}

//解归档

Person *unArchiverObj = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:filePath];

NSLog(@"\n解归档成功: %@ %@",unArchiverObj,unArchiverObj.name);

}

- (NSString *)filePathWithName:(NSString *)name {

name = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@.archiver",name];

//归档后的文件是加密的，所以归档文件的扩展名可以随意取,我这里后缀用archiver

return [[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject] stringByAppendingPathComponent:name];

}

注意：

1、默认情况下，只能对NSDate, NSNumber, NSString, NSArray, or NSDictionary来进行归档。

2、若对自定义的对象进行归档，需要实现NSCoding协议，并实现NSCoding方法。

NSCoding协议的方法：

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder;

- (instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder;

3、如果用了继承，则子类一定要重写NSCoding协议的两个方法。

写在最后

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