ubuntu 安装 flutter 开发环境

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-17 20:43:24 发布

weixin_34376562

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-17 20:43:24 发布

阅读量1.4k

点赞数

文章标签：移动开发开发工具 git

原文链接：https://juejin.im/post/5cc677675188252e8925f047

版权

1、安装flutter

cd /usr/local/

git clone -b master https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git

复制代码

1.1 加入环境变量


# 编辑配置文件
vi ~/.profile 
# 在末尾加入
export PATH=/usr/local/flutter/bin:$PATH
# 保存退出，终端中运行 
source ~/.profile
# 运行 flutter doctor 这个过程需要下载Dart SDK， 需要翻墙 否则会失败
flutter doctor
复制代码

2、科学上网

蓝灯github地址,

# 安装
sudo gdebi lantern-installer-64-bit.deb 
# 运行
lantern
复制代码

然后在运行 flutter doctor 进行检测

# 统一协议
flutter doctor  --android-licenses
复制代码

3、安装android studio

3.1 首先要安装32位依赖

sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 lib32z1 libbz2-1.0:i386
复制代码

android 相关工具地址可以到这里下载

3.2 安装jdk

下载地址jdk-8u211-linux-x64.tar.gz

解压缩安装

tar -zxvf jdk-8u211-linux-x64.tar.gz
mv jdk1.8.0_211/ /usr/lib/jvm/ 

vi ~/.profile
# 在最后插入：

export JAVAHOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_211
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVAHOME/lib:$JAVAHOME/jre/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVAHOME/bin:$JAVAHOME/jre/bin:$PATH

# 保存退出，终端中运行 
    source ~/.profile
# 输入: 
    java -version 
复制代码

3.3 安装android sdk

SDK-TOOL 工具地址 sdk-tools-linux-4333796.zip

tar -zxvf android-sdk_r24.4.1-linux.tgz
mv android-sdk-linux/ /usr/local/android-sdk-linux/

vi ~/.profile
# 在最后插入：

export ANDROID_SDK_HOME=/usr/local/android-sdk-linux
export PATH=$PATH:${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}/tools
export PATH=$PATH:${ANDROID_SDK_HOME}/platform-tools

# 保存退出，终端中运行 
    source ~/.profile
复制代码

3.4 下载 android studio

cd 下载
tar -zxvf android-studio-ide-183.5452501-linux.tar.gz 
sudo mv android-studio/ /usr/local/android-studio/
cd /usr/local/android-studio/
sh ./bin/studio.sh

复制代码

安装完成后，会自动打开android-studio，
- 点击右下角的 configure下拉框，选择plugins 输入flutter 安装插件，重启。
- 点击 congigure 下拉框选择 AVD MANAGER 创建一个模拟器。

4、测试

运行 flutter doctor

[✓] Flutter (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.44, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 28.0.3)
[✓] Android Studio (version 3.4)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.

复制代码

4.1 创建项目

在android studio起始页点击 start a new flutter project 会出现假死，大概1分钟左右，根据电脑性能决定时间长短。等待就好啦。

tmd，创建项目卡这里啦，等了十分钟啦。

创建 android studio 快捷方式打开 tools -> Create Desktop Entry

创建一个模拟器就可以正常开发啦

4.2 使用vscode进行开发

4.2.1 vs code中安装插件 flutter

创建项目

flutter create demo01
复制代码

All done!
[✓] Flutter is fully installed. (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.44, on Linux, locale
    zh_CN.UTF-8)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices is fully installed. (Android
    SDK version 28.0.3)
[✓] Android Studio is fully installed. (version 3.4)
[✓] Connected device is fully installed. (1 available)

In order to run your application, type:

  $ cd demo01
  $ flutter run

Your application code is in demo01/lib/main.dart.
复制代码

查看模拟器列表

flutter emulator
复制代码

1 available emulator:

Nexus_5_API_26 • Nexus 5 • Google • Nexus 5 API 26

To run an emulator, run 'flutter emulators --launch <emulator id>'.
To create a new emulator, run 'flutter emulators --create [--name xyz]'.

You can find more information on managing emulators at the links below:
  https://developer.android.com/studio/run/managing-avds
  https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/avdmanager

复制代码

运行模拟器

flutter emulators --launch <模拟器ID>
复制代码

flutter emulators --launch Nexus_5_API_26 • Nexus 5 • Google • Nexus 5 API 26
复制代码

运行项目

cd demo01/
flutter run
复制代码

这时候其实可以用任意编辑器编辑代码，在终端输入r可以热加载。

R键：热加载

P键：在虚拟机中显示网格

O键：切换Android和IOS模式

Q键：退出调试

创建新的模拟器

flutter emulators --create [--name <模拟器ID>]
复制代码

# 创建
flutter emulators --create --name phone01
# 查看
flutter emulators
# 结果
Nexus_5_API_26   • Nexus 5 • Google • Nexus 5 API 26
phone01

# 运行指定模拟器
flutter emulators --launch phone01

# 运行项目
flutter run 
# 给出提示
More than one device connected; please specify a device with the '-d <deviceId>'
flag, or use '-d all' to act on all devices.

Android SDK built for x86 • emulator-5554 • android-x86 • Android 8.0.0 (API 26)
(emulator)
Android SDK built for x86 • emulator-5556 • android-x86 • Android 8.0.0 (API 26)
(emulator)

复制代码

看到模拟器头部有文字说明当前是哪一个

知道是5556的这个所以继续运行

flutter run -d emulator-5556
复制代码

接下来可以正常开发。

5 真机运行调试

5.1 首先手机要打开usb调试功能，这个自己百度，插usb 授权电脑访问手机，

# 运行flutter doctor 检查
$ flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.44, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
⣽Error retrieving device properties for ro.product.cpu.abi:
error: insufficient permissions for device: user in plugdev group; are your udev rules wrong?
See [http://developer.android.com/tools/device.html] for more information


 
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 28.0.3)
[✓] Android Studio (version 3.4)
[✓] Connected device (2 available)

• No issues found!

复制代码

5.1.1 看到有报错：

⣽Error retrieving device properties for ro.product.cpu.abi:
error: insufficient permissions for device: user in plugdev group; are your udev rules wrong?
See [http://developer.android.com/tools/device.html] for more information
复制代码

cd /usr/local/android-sdk-linux
# 查看说明文件
vi SDK Readme.txt
# 文档中说明了 需要联网才能进行一下平台工具的安装 如： including adb, dexdump, and others.To install Platform-tools
运行 android 选择需要安装的平台，进行安装。
复制代码

5.2 安装成功

输入

adb devices
复制代码

仍然无法检测到设备

List of devices attached
47fcff73	no permissions (user in plugdev group; are your udev rules wrong?); see [http://developer.android.com/tools/device.html]
复制代码

5.3 全局设置adb

 # 在PATH默认的bin目录下，新建adb的软链接，查看sudo $PATH
 echo 'echo $PATH' | sudo sh 
 # /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
 # 进入目录
 cd /usr/local/sbin
 # 设置软链接
 sudo ln -s /usr/local/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb
 # 重启
 sudo adb kill-server
 sudo adb start-server
 # 检测 
 输入：  adb devices
 输出：      List of devices attached
            47fcff73	unauthorized

复制代码

5.3.1 输入 flutter doctor

Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.44, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
 
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 28.0.3)
[✓] Android Studio (version 3.4)
[!] Connected device

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.
复制代码

输入 flutter devices
复制代码

# 显示没有授权，重新拔掉手机，再次接入允许授权
No devices detected.

Run 'flutter emulators' to list and start any available device emulators.

Or, if you expected your device to be detected, please run "flutter doctor" to diagnose potential issues, or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/ for troubleshooting
tips.

• Device 47fcff73 is not authorized.
You might need to check your device for an authorization dialog
复制代码

输入： flutter device
输出：
1 connected device:

MI 8 • 47fcff73 • android-arm64 • Android 9 (API 28)
复制代码

vscode 中点击调试，手机上运行继续安装就可以在手机上调试啦。