Monitor类与Lock语句相比,Monitor类的主要优点是:可以添加一个等待被锁定的超时值。

缺点:开销非常大

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ShareClass sc = new ShareClass();
            Job j=new Job (sc);
            Task[] ts=new  Task[20];
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
            {
                ts[i] = new Task(j.TheDoJob2);
                ts[i].Start();
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
            {
                ts[i].Wait();
            }
            Console.WriteLine(sc.state);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
     
    }
    class ShareClass
    {
        public int state { get; set; }
    }
    class Job
    {
        ShareClass sc { get; set; }
        private object obj = new object();
        public Job(ShareClass s)
        {
            sc = s;
        }
        //==========普通的Monitor类
        public void TheDoJob()
        {
            //锁定
            Monitor.Enter(obj);
            try
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
                {
                    sc.state++;
                }
            }
            catch { }
            finally
            {
                //如果抛出异常也会就出锁
                //释放锁
                Monitor.Exit(obj); 
            }
        }
 
        //===========给Monitor类设置超时时间
        public void TheDoJob2()
        {
            bool yesno=false;
            //锁定
            Monitor.TryEnter(obj, 100, ref yesno);
            if (yesno)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
                {
                    sc.state++;
                }
                Console.WriteLine("yes");
                //释放锁
                Monitor.Exit(obj);
            }
            else
            {
                //如果超时会执行下面代码
                Console.WriteLine("no");
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 TheDoJob()

wKioL1TTfK7SMZQdAAAUe6DaUs0457.jpg

 

 

 TheDoJob2()

 

 wKiom1TTe8uTpjWzAABihuIUXBQ711.jpg

 

 =================================SpinLock(自旋锁)

        如果基于对象的的锁定对象(Monitor)的系统开销由于垃圾回收而过高,就可以使用SpinLock结构。如果有大量的锁定,且锁定的时间是非常短,自旋锁就很有用。

 

*注意:

        传送SpinLock实例时要小心。因为SpinLock定义为结构,把一个变量赋予另一个变量会创建副本。总是通过引用传送SpinLock实例。

 

例子:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApplication5
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ShareClass sc = new ShareClass();
            Job j = new Job(sc);
            int sum = 20;
            Task[] t = new Task[sum];
            //开启20个任务
            for (int i = 0; i < sum; i++)
            {
                t[i] = new Task(j.JobStart);
                t[i].Start();
            }
            //等待20个任务全部结束
            for (int i = 0; i < sum; i++)
            {
                t[i].Wait();
            }
            Console.WriteLine(sc.State);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
    //共享类
    class ShareClass
    {
        public int State { get; set; }
    }

    class Job
    {
        //声明一个自旋锁,自旋锁是一个结构(不能为属性)
        private SpinLock sl;
        //共享类
        private ShareClass sc;
        public Job(ShareClass _sc)
        {
            this.sc = _sc;
            this.sl = new SpinLock();
        }
        public void JobStart()
        {
            //并行循环
            Parallel.For(0, 10000, i =>
            {
                bool spinToken = false;
                sl.Enter(ref spinToken);//锁定
                try
                {
                    sc.State++;
                }
                finally
                {
                    if (spinToken)
                        sl.Exit();//释放锁
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

 wKioL1TTfK7SMZQdAAAUe6DaUs0457.jpg