检查和编辑KVM配置文件

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 17:46:35 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 17:46:35 发布

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原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/aishangwei/2124505

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（1）查看正在运行的虚拟机

root@kvm:~# virsh list

 Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
 11 kvm1 running

（2）把配置文件输出到标准输出

root@kvm:~# virsh dumpxml kvm1
<domain type='kvm' id='11'>
 <name>kvm1</name>
 <uuid>9eb9a2e9-abb2-54c5-5cb3-dc86728e70fc</uuid>
 <memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
 <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>
 <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
 <resource>
   <partition>/machine</partition>
 </resource>
 <os>
   <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-trusty'>hvm</type>
   <boot dev='hd'/>
 </os>
 <features>
   <acpi/>
   <apic/>
 <pae/>
 </features>
 <clock offset='utc'/>
 <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
 <on_crash>restart</on_crash>
 <devices>
   <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
   <disk type='file' device='disk'>
     <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
     <source file='/tmp/debian.img'/>
     <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
     <alias name='ide0-0-0'/>
     <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
   </disk>
   <controller type='usb' index='0'>
     <alias name='usb0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'>
<alias name='pci.0'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='ide' index='0'>
     <alias name='ide0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
   </controller>
   <interface type='network'>
     <mac address='52:54:00:d1:70:df'/>
     <source network='default'/>
     <target dev='vnet0'/>
     <model type='rtl8139'/>
    <alias name='net0'/>
    <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
   </interface>
   <serial type='pty'>
     <source path='/dev/pts/0'/>
     <target port='0'/>
     <alias name='serial0'/>
   </serial>
   <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/0'>
     <source path='/dev/pts/0'/>
     <target type='serial' port='0'/>
     <alias name='serial0'/>
   </console>
   <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
   <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/>
   <graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes' listen='146.20.141.158'>
     <listen type='address' address='146.20.141.158'/>
   </graphics>
   <video>
     <model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
     <alias name='video0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
   </video>
   <memballoon model='virtio'>
     <alias name='balloon0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
   </memballoon>
 </devices>
 <seclabel type='none'/>
</domain>

（3）保存配置到新的文件

root@kvm:~# virsh dumpxml kvm1 > kvm1.xml
root@kvm:~# head kvm1.xml
<domain type='kvm' id='11'>
 <name>kvm1</name>
 <uuid>9eb9a2e9-abb2-54c5-5cb3-dc86728e70fc</uuid>
 <memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
 <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>
 <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
 <resource>
   <partition>/machine</partition>
 </resource>
 <os>

（4）编辑配置文件

root@kvm:~# virsh edit kvm1
Domain kvm1 XML configuration edited.

二. virt-install安装kvm且使用console方式

去构建KVM实例并用console口连接它，执行以下步骤：

（1）使用官方Debian库安装KVM虚拟机

root@kvm:~# virt-install --name kvm1 --ram 1024 --extra-args="text console=tty0 utf8 console=ttyS0,115200" --graphics vnc,listen=146.20.141.158 --hvm --location=http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/installer-amd64/ --disk path=/tmp/kvm1.img,size=8

Retrieving file MANIFEST... | 3.3 kB 00:00 ...
Retrieving file linux... | 6.0 MB 00:00 ...
Retrieving file initrd.gz... | 29 MB 00:00 ...
Creating storage file kvm1.img | 8.0 GB 00:00
WARNING Unable to connect to graphical console: virt-viewer not installed. Please install the 'virt-viewer' package.
Domain installation still in progress. You can reconnect to
the console to complete the installation process.

（2）运行以下的代码去和console口关联

root@kvm:~# virsh console kvm1
Connected to domain kvm1
Escape character is ^]

（3）关联上console口后，应该看到如下画面。

![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201806/04/a5554006bd6ddf8fa06b5535ef8f5c17.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

（4）根据提示的菜单栏完成安装

（5）然后启动虚拟机

root@kvm:~# virsh start kvm1
Domain kvm1 started

（6）使用vnc连接然后开启Serial 控制台访问

root@debian:~# systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyS0.service
root@debian:~# systemctl start serial-getty@ttyS0.service

（7）关闭vnc的连接，然后使用virsh console去连接它。

root@kvm:~# virsh console kvm1
Connected to domain kvm1
Escape character is ^]

Debian GNU/Linux 8 debian ttyS0

debian login: root
Password:
Last login: Wed Mar 22 16:38:10 CDT 2017 on tty1
Linux debian 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.39-1+deb8u2 (2017-03-07) x86_64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
root@debian:~# free -m
 total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1000 98 902 4 9 43
-/+ buffers/cache: 44 956
Swap: 382 0 382