在操手MFC的时候,经常会抱怨MFC界面不如其他的框架或语言,比如VB,C#等等,面对MS在系统上的不断更新换代,我们也越来越追求软件的视觉效果,譬如我们会更喜欢win7下的玻璃效果,看起来很炫。
在接触MFC的时候,实在忍不住对MFC的bulider的仰慕之情,因为他把之前的win32 c编程(注意,里面没有面向对象)和C++有机的结合起来了(这时OO跑进来了),让我们更多的专注于软件的功能设计方面,减少了程序繁杂(真心真诚的佩服win32走过来的那些来程序员们)。
每天都有新的收获,当然不仅仅是软件方面的,因为最近讲师在教我们设计自己的U,其实这个看起来还是蛮有难度的,实际上也很有难度,但是讲师说的没错,了解硬件上的架构只是,或许对于我们软件方面的同学来说,也是不无益处的。
上主题吧。
CXPButton类是一个很不错的按钮类,代码阅读起来也很简单,不是非常难,只要是我们对windows编程有所了解的话。难点也不多,主要是对鼠标消息的处理上,比如鼠标到了按钮的上面但是没有按下是什么情形,鼠标按钮按下了又是什么情形,这个都是要体现出来的呀,不然人机交互就苦难了,大众也不会喜欢的。
另外我觉得在美术的设计上也是挺有难度的,就是很多都知道什么什么样的东西看起来很酷,但是就不知道它怎么去设计,就是所谓的知其然而不起所以然。
还有在消息的阅读上也有难度,比较生疏的地方就是,WM_MOUSELEAVE和WM_MOUSEHOVER这两个鼠标消息,windows默认是不处理这两个消息的,但是在自定义按钮过程当中又要用到它们。
所以要触发它们。
TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme;
tme.cbSize = sizeof(tme);
tme.hwndTrack = m_hWnd;
tme.dwFlags = TME_LEAVE | TME_HOVER;
tme.dwHoverTime = 1;
m_bTracking = _TrackMouseEvent(&tme);
上面的代码就是我们所需要的。当鼠标在按钮上停留或者走出按钮区域的话,就(才)会触发两个消息。
在CXPButton当中只要我们熟练如何运用GDI(再在加上一点点的艺术天分),便可以做出非常酷的按钮。
下面是源代码:
#if !defined(AFX_XPBUTTON_H__44CD5B2A_756E_4939_9261_E0034E0F2DEF__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_XPBUTTON_H__44CD5B2A_756E_4939_9261_E0034E0F2DEF__INCLUDED_
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
// XPButton.h : header file
//
/
// CXPButton window
class CXPButton : public CButton
{
// Construction
public:
CXPButton();
// Attributes
protected:
//按钮的外边框
CPen m_BoundryPen;
//鼠标指针置于按钮之上时按钮的内边框
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenLeft;
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenRight;
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenTop;
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenBottom;
//按钮获得焦点时按钮的内边框
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenLeftSel;
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenRightSel;
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenTopSel;
CPen m_InsideBoundryPenBottomSel;
//按钮的底色,包括有效和无效两种状态
CBrush m_FillActive;
CBrush m_FillInactive;
//按钮的状态
BOOL m_bOver; //鼠标位于按钮之上时该值为true,反之为flase
BOOL m_bTracking; //在鼠标按下没有释放时该值为true
BOOL m_bSelected; //按钮被按下是该值为true
BOOL m_bFocus; //按钮为当前焦点所在时该值为true
// Operations
public:
// Overrides
// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CXPButton)
protected:
virtual void PreSubclassWindow();
//}}AFX_VIRTUAL
// Implementation
public:
virtual void DrawItem(LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT lpDrawItemStruct);
virtual void DoGradientFill(CDC *pDC, CRect* rect);
virtual void DrawInsideBorder(CDC *pDC, CRect* rect);
virtual ~CXPButton();
// Generated message map functions
protected:
//{{AFX_MSG(CXPButton)
afx_msg void OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);
afx_msg LRESULT OnMouseLeave(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
afx_msg LRESULT OnMouseHover(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
//}}AFX_MSG
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
/
//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.
#endif // !defined(AFX_XPBUTTON_H__44CD5B2A_756E_4939_9261_E0034E0F2DEF__INCLUDED_)
// XPButton.cpp : implementation file
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "XPButton.h"
#include "resource.h"
#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif
/
// CXPButton
CXPButton::CXPButton()
{
m_BoundryPen.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(0, 0, 0));
m_InsideBoundryPenLeft.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 3, RGB(250, 196, 88));
m_InsideBoundryPenRight.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 3, RGB(251, 202, 106));
m_InsideBoundryPenTop.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(252, 210, 121));
m_InsideBoundryPenBottom.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(229, 151, 0));
m_FillActive.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(223, 222, 236));
m_FillInactive.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(222, 223, 236));
m_InsideBoundryPenLeftSel.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 3, RGB(153, 198, 252));
m_InsideBoundryPenTopSel.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(162, 201, 255));
m_InsideBoundryPenRightSel.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 3, RGB(162, 189, 252));
m_InsideBoundryPenBottomSel.CreatePen(PS_INSIDEFRAME | PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(162, 201, 255));
m_bOver = m_bSelected = m_bTracking = m_bFocus = FALSE;
}
CXPButton::~CXPButton()
{
m_BoundryPen.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenLeft.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenRight.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenTop.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenBottom.DeleteObject();
m_FillActive.DeleteObject();
m_FillInactive.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenLeftSel.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenTopSel.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenRightSel.DeleteObject();
m_InsideBoundryPenBottomSel.DeleteObject();
}
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CXPButton, CButton)
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CXPButton)
ON_WM_MOUSEMOVE()
ON_MESSAGE(WM_MOUSELEAVE, OnMouseLeave)
ON_MESSAGE(WM_MOUSEHOVER, OnMouseHover)
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
/
// CXPButton message handlers
//添加Owner Draw属性
void CXPButton::PreSubclassWindow()
{
// TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
CButton::PreSubclassWindow();
ModifyStyle(0, BS_OWNERDRAW);
}
void CXPButton::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
if (!m_bTracking)
{
TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme;
tme.cbSize = sizeof(tme);
tme.hwndTrack = m_hWnd;
tme.dwFlags = TME_LEAVE | TME_HOVER;
tme.dwHoverTime = 1;
m_bTracking = _TrackMouseEvent(&tme);
}
CButton::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);
}
LRESULT CXPButton::OnMouseLeave(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
m_bOver = FALSE;
m_bTracking = FALSE;
InvalidateRect(NULL, FALSE);/**/
return 0;
}
LRESULT CXPButton::OnMouseHover(WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
m_bOver = TRUE;
InvalidateRect(NULL);
return 0;
}
void CXPButton::DrawItem(LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT lpDrawItemStruct)
{
//从lpDrawItemStruct获取控件的相关信息
CRect rect = lpDrawItemStruct->rcItem;
CDC *pDC=CDC::FromHandle(lpDrawItemStruct->hDC);
int nSaveDC=pDC->SaveDC();
UINT state = lpDrawItemStruct->itemState;
POINT pt ;
TCHAR strText[MAX_PATH + 1] = L"我爱你";
::GetWindowText(m_hWnd, strText, MAX_PATH);/*获取文本原色*/
//画按钮的外边框,它是一个半径为5的圆角矩形
pt.x = 5;
pt.y = 5;
CPen* hOldPen = pDC->SelectObject(&m_BoundryPen);
pDC->RoundRect(&rect, pt);
//获取按钮的状态
if (state & ODS_FOCUS)
{
m_bFocus = TRUE;
m_bSelected = TRUE;
}
else
{
m_bFocus = FALSE;
m_bSelected = FALSE;
}
if (state & ODS_SELECTED || state & ODS_DEFAULT)
{
m_bFocus = TRUE;
}
pDC->SelectObject(hOldPen);
rect.DeflateRect(CSize(GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXEDGE), GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYEDGE)));
//根据按钮的状态填充按钮的底色
CBrush* pOldBrush;
if (m_bOver)
{
pOldBrush = pDC->SelectObject(&m_FillActive);
DoGradientFill(pDC, &rect);
}
else
{
pOldBrush = pDC->SelectObject(&m_FillInactive);
DoGradientFill(pDC, &rect);
}
//根据按钮的状态绘制内边框
if (m_bOver || m_bSelected)
DrawInsideBorder(pDC, &rect);
pDC->SelectObject(pOldBrush);
//显示按钮的文本
if (strText!=NULL)
{
CFont* hFont = GetFont();
CFont* hOldFont = pDC->SelectObject(hFont);
CSize szExtent = pDC->GetTextExtent(strText, lstrlen(strText));
CPoint pt( rect.CenterPoint().x - szExtent.cx / 2, rect.CenterPoint().y - szExtent.cy / 2);
if (state & ODS_SELECTED)
pt.Offset(1, 1);
int nMode = pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);
if (state & ODS_DISABLED)
pDC->DrawState(pt, szExtent, strText, DSS_DISABLED, TRUE, 0, (HBRUSH)NULL);
else
pDC->DrawState(pt, szExtent, strText, DSS_NORMAL, TRUE, 0, (HBRUSH)NULL);
pDC->SelectObject(hOldFont);
pDC->SetBkMode(nMode);
}
pDC->RestoreDC(nSaveDC);
}
//绘制按钮的底色
void CXPButton::DoGradientFill(CDC *pDC, CRect* rect)
{
CBrush brBk[64];
int nWidth = rect->Width();
int nHeight = rect->Height();
CRect rct;
/*for (int i = 0; i < 64; i ++)
{
if (m_bOver)
{
if (m_bFocus)
brBk[i].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255 - (i / 4), 255 - (i / 4), 255 - (i / 3)));
else
brBk[i].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255 - (i / 4), 255 - (i / 4), 255 - (i / 5)));
}
else
{
if (m_bFocus)
brBk[i].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255 - (i / 3), 255 - (i / 3), 255 - (i / 4)));
else
brBk[i].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255 - (i / 3), 255 - (i / 3), 255 - (i / 5)));
}
}
int i;
for (i = rect->top; i <= nHeight + 2; i ++)
{
rct.SetRect(rect->left, i, nWidth + 2, i + 1);
pDC->FillRect(&rct, &brBk[((i * 63) / nHeight)]);
}*/
int i;
brBk[0].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255,0,0));
brBk[1].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,0));
brBk[2].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,255));
brBk[3].CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0));
CBitmap bitmap;
BITMAP bmp;
bitmap.LoadBitmapW(IDB_QQ);
bitmap.GetBitmap(&bmp);
CDC MemDC;
MemDC.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
if(m_bOver)
{
CBitmap * OldBitmap = MemDC.SelectObject(&bitmap);
pDC->BitBlt(0,0,bmp.bmWidth,bmp.bmHeight,&MemDC,0,0,SRCAND);
MemDC.SelectObject(OldBitmap);
/*if(m_bFocus)//鼠标+焦点
pDC ->FillRect(rect,&brBk[0]);//红
else//鼠标+无焦点
pDC ->FillRect(rect,&brBk[1]);//黑*/
}
else
{
CBitmap * OldBitmap = MemDC.SelectObject(&bitmap);
pDC->StretchBlt(0,0,bmp.bmWidth+10,bmp.bmHeight+10,&MemDC,
0,0,bmp.bmWidth,bmp.bmHeight,SRCAND);
MemDC.SelectObject(OldBitmap);
/*if(m_bFocus)//无鼠标+焦点
pDC ->FillRect(rect,&brBk[2]);//蓝
else
pDC ->FillRect(rect,&brBk[3]);//绿*/
}
/*for (i = 0; i< 64; i ++)
brBk[i].DeleteObject();*/
}
//绘制按钮的内边框
void CXPButton::DrawInsideBorder(CDC *pDC, CRect* rect)
{
CPen *pLeft, *pRight, *pTop, *pBottom;
if (m_bSelected && !m_bOver)
{
pLeft = & m_InsideBoundryPenLeftSel;
pRight = &m_InsideBoundryPenRightSel;
pTop = &m_InsideBoundryPenTopSel;
pBottom = &m_InsideBoundryPenBottomSel;
}
else
{
pLeft = &m_InsideBoundryPenLeft;
pRight = &m_InsideBoundryPenRight;
pTop = &m_InsideBoundryPenTop;
pBottom = &m_InsideBoundryPenBottom;
}
CPoint oldPoint = pDC->MoveTo(rect->left, rect->bottom - 1);
CPen* pOldPen = pDC->SelectObject(pLeft);
pDC->LineTo(rect->left, rect->top + 1);
pDC->SelectObject(pRight);
pDC->MoveTo(rect->right - 1, rect->bottom - 1);
pDC->LineTo(rect->right - 1, rect->top);
pDC->SelectObject(pTop);
pDC->MoveTo(rect->left - 1, rect->top);
pDC->LineTo(rect->right - 1, rect->top);
pDC->SelectObject(pBottom);
pDC->MoveTo(rect->left, rect->bottom);
pDC->LineTo(rect->right - 1, rect->bottom);
pDC->SelectObject(pOldPen);
pDC->MoveTo(oldPoint);
if (m_bSelected && !m_bOver)
DrawFocusRect(pDC->m_hDC,rect);
}