View的事件分发所针对的是MotionEvent事件，在Touch过程中会产生大量的MotionEvent，记录了与Touch相关的事件。一次ACTION_DOWN、中间可能多次ACTION_MOVE、一次ACTION_UP，这便是一次完整的MotionEvent事件。在我们点击屏幕的那一刻，会先经过硬件的一系列处理，然后在当前应用的主(UI)线程中接收到来自底层传输过来的input事件，将事件交付于ViewRootImpl的enqueueInputEvent()方法，通过ViewRootImpl的内部类InputStage转换处理，最终交给View的dispatchTouchEvent()方法，事件分发的开始。 一个应用程序的根视图(顶级View)是DecorView，也就是说，View的事件分发实际是由DecorView中的dispatchTouchEvent()方法开始的。
在处理View的事件分发时，View和ViewGroup(继承自View)稍有差异。
- View的相关处理方法： dispatchTouchEvent()、onTouchEvent()
- ViewGroup的相关处理方法： dispatchTouchEvent()、onInterceptTouchEvent()、onTouchEvent()
1、DecorView # dispatchTouchEvent()
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
final Window.Callback cb = mWindow.getCallback();
return cb != null && !mWindow.isDestroyed() && mFeatureId < 0
? cb.dispatchTouchEvent(ev) : super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
}
复制代码上面代码中，mWindow是一个PhoneWindow类型的变量，在Activity的attach()方法中对mWindow进行赋值【可以参考这篇文章 — Activity的启动过程】。且Activity实现了Window.Callback接口**（实现Window.Callback的不只有Activity，比如Dialog，这里以Activity为例）**，也就是说：cb.dispatchTouchEvent()回调的是Activity中的dispatchTouchEvent()，执行这一步首先要满足前提条cb是否存在，PhoneWindow没有销毁，mFeatureId < 0表示DecorView存在。否则会执行ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()方法（DecorView继承FrameLayout）。
2、Activity # dispatchTouchEvent()
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
//内部是一个空实现，用于点击时与用户交互
onUserInteraction();
}
//getWindow()返回PhoneWindow对象
if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
return true;
}
//若前面没有消费事件，最后交给Activity的onTouchEvent
return onTouchEvent(ev);
}
复制代码这里的实现很简洁，先交给PhoneWindow分发，如果没有消费事件，则在Activity的onTouchEvent()方法中消费。
3、PhoneWindow # superDispatchTouchEvent()
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//mDecor指的是DecorView
return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
复制代码进入DecorView中的superDispatchTouchEvent()
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
复制代码前面已注明了DecorView是继承自FrameLayout（继承ViewGroup），那么这里也就自然而然的把分发任务交给了ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()。
4、ViewGroup # dispatchTouchEvent()，由于代码量太长，这里选择关键性的代码
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
... ...
// 如果是点击事件，先对之前的状态进行清除
//1、把mFirstTouchTarget(TouchTarget对象)链表清空，同时mFirstTouchTarget置空
//mFirstTouchTarget链表内部存放的是接受了触摸事件的view
//2、重置FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT标识位(若设置了这个标识，表示禁止ViewGroup的拦截）
//可以通过requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()进行设置，
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}
// 检查是否进行拦截
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// 检查是否已设置FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT标识
// 若设置，则不进行拦截，intercepted为false
// 否则拦截，由onInterceptTouchEvent()决定intercepted的状态
// onInterceptTouchEvent()默认返回false
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
... ...
// 检查当前触摸事件是否被取消
final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;
//把当前ViewGrop的触摸事件进行分发给子View和子ViewGroup
//在这之前需要满足两个条件：1、触摸事件没有取消 2、没有被拦截
//如果当前ViewGroup的子View接收到触摸事件，则把该子View添加到mFirstTouchTarget链表
final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
//记录触摸事件的序列号，事件Id，点击事件的Id总是为0，
//在多指触控下，会产生多个Id,比如第一根手指，记录0，第二根手机记录1 ~ ~ ~
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
: TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
// 清除早期的触摸目标
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
// 获取当前ViewGroup包含的子元素，进行遍历，然后对触摸事件进行分发
// 如果子元素也是ViewGroup，那么就对其里面的子元素遍历，如此递归下去
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
childrenCount, i, customOrder);
final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
preorderedList, children, childIndex);
// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}
//判断子View是否能接收触摸事件
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
// 先查找mFirstTouchTarget链表，是否存在该View
// 若查找到，则返回当前View在链表中的节点赋值给newTouchTarget
// 若没有，则返回null
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
//重置子View的mPrivateFlags中的PFLAG_CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
//将触摸事件分发给子View
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
//若子元素（包含子View和子ViewGroup）可以接收到触摸事件，
// 通过addTouchTarget()把已接收触摸事件的子元素添加到
//mFirstTouchTarget链表，并把当前子元素作为头结点返回，赋值给newTouchTarget
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
// The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
// the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
}
//在newTouchTarget为null，mFirstTouchTarget不为null时，
//把mFirstTouchTarget赋值给newTouchTarget，作为链表第一个节点
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
... ...
// 进一步对触摸事件的分发进行处理，mFirstTouchTarget==null表示未有
// 子View接收到触摸事件，此时，会交由ViewGroup的父类View的dispatchTouchEvent()进行分发，
//然后再交给onTouch()或onTouchEvent()进行处理
//onTouch()优先于onTouchEvent()，但是要setOnTouchListener()后才生效
// 如果mFirstTouchTarget != null，表示存在子View，则分发到子View
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
if (cancelChild) {
if (predecessor == null) {
mFirstTouchTarget = next;
} else {
predecessor.next = next;
}
target.recycle();
target = next;
continue;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}
// 完成后重置触摸状态
if (canceled
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
resetTouchState();
} else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
}
}
if(!handled&&mInputEventConsistencyVerifier!=null){
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev,1);
}
return handled;
}
复制代码关于ViewGroup的事件分发，由于代码太长，所以直接在里面注释了，这样跟着代码会比较容易理解。上面阐述了关于ViewGroup的整个分发过程，在第二个省略号的下面一段代码，从其 if 条件可以知道，这段代码只有在ViewGroup发生ACTION_DOWN事件时才会执行(分发事件)，而后续的事件(ACTION_MOVE、ACTION_UP)将由第三个省略号下面一段代码中执行分发，这时会遍历mFirstTouchTarget链表，找到具体的子View进行分配事件。（实际就是：假设当前ViewGroup中包含三个子View，分别是A B C，如果ACTION_DOWN事件分发到了A，那么后续的事件一定不会分发到B或C） 下面进一步去分析dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;
//这里检测是否需要发送ACTION_CANCEL事件。
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
//分发给当前ViewGroup
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
//分发给子View
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}
// 计算触摸事件Id
final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;
if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
return false;
}
final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
//若触摸事件Id相同，不需要重新计算MotionEvent，直接进行分发
if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
//child为null，交由父类分发，否则交由child分发
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
}
return handled;
}
transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
} else {
transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
}
// Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
}
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
}
// Done.
transformedEvent.recycle();
return handled;
}
复制代码在dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()中主要是对子View进行判断，如果子View为null，则分发交由super.dispatchTouchEvent()，也就是由View的dispatchTouchEvent()分发，然后交给onTouch()(如果设置了OnTouchListener)或onTouchEvent()，如果这时候onTouchEvent()依旧返回false，则交由当前ViewGroup的上一级去处理。
5、View # dispatchTouchEvent()，省略了部分代码
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
... ...
final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// 接收到ACTION_DOWN，停止嵌套滑动
stopNestedScroll();
}
//判断View是否被屏蔽，是否能被点击，
//然后再确定是否执行onTouch或onTouchEvent
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
result = true;
}
//在这里注意下li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch()，这里说明了
//onTouch会先于onTouchEvent执行，前提：当前View设置了OnTouchListener
ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
&& (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
&& li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
result = true;
}
//若没有设置OnTouchListener，交给onTouchEvent
if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
result = true;
}
}
... ...
return result;
}
复制代码关键的步骤已在代码中注释，就不再另外赘述了。 接着看下View的onTouchEvent()方法。
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final float x = event.getX();
final float y = event.getY();
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
final int action = event.getAction();
//计算View是否可点击
final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
|| (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
|| (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;
//这里View被禁用，调用了setEnabled(false)或android:enabled=false
//返回其点击状态，View默认是不可点击的
//可以通过setClickable()或者android:clickable设置点击状态
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
return clickable;
}
//委托事件给其它View，mTouchDelegate默认为null
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
//判断View的点击状态，设置焦点。后续执行onClick()、onLongClick()
if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
if ((viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
handleTooltipUp();
}
if (!clickable) {
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
}
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
setPressed(true, x, y);
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
if (event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) {
mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (!clickable) {
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
break;
}
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
setPressed(true, x, y);
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
if (clickable) {
setPressed(false);
}
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
if (clickable) {
drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
}
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
复制代码关于View的事件分发大概流程到这里就结束了。 Activity > ViewGroup(可包含多个ViewGroup) > View 。 最后通过一张图的形式整理下上面的思路：
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