Spring4 学习系列之——整合基于注解的Hibernate实例

最新推荐文章于 2020-02-18 23:09:45 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2020-02-18 23:09:45 发布

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文章标签： java 数据库 python

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/2509896/blog/784146

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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

学了Spring操作 JDBC 之后，当然要学怎么整合Hibernate了，这个例子的整合步骤，xml配置等等都可以应用到实际开发中，毕竟现在企业开发绝大多数都是SpringMvc模式下配合Hibernate来搭建项目的，所以本文从细节出发，详细介绍每一个步骤。。

需求：数据表结构：account表，用户账号表。book表，书籍信息表

项目结构： 输入图片说明包下的类

hibernate配置文件

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>

		<!-- 配置hibernate的基本属性 -->
		<!-- 数据源配置到ioc容器中，所以在此不需要再配置 -->
		<!-- 关联的.hbm.xml 也在ioc容器配置SessionFactory实例时进行配置 -->
		<!-- 配置Hibernate的基本属性：方言，sql显示，格式化，自动建表，生成数据表的策略以及二级缓存等。。 -->
		
		<!-- 使用的数据库方言 -->
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<!-- 自动创建表 -->
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		<!-- 控制台打印sql语句 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 格式化sql语句 -->
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>


	</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

数据库配置信息文件：db.properties

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///testspring
jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

Spring的配置文件

<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 自动扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.*"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 整合Hibernate的SessionFactory的实例：通过Spring提供的LocaltionSessionFactoryBean进行配置 -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 配置数据源的属性 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		
		
		<!-- 配置hibernate配置文件的位置 -->
		<!--  
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
		-->
		<!-- 使用HibernatePropites属性来配置Hibernate的基本配置 -->
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
		<props>
			<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
			<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
			<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
			<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
		</props>
		</property>
		
		<!-- 自动扫描注解方式配置的hibernate类文件 -->
		<property name="packagesToScan">
			<list>
				<value>com.entiy</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>


	<!-- 配置Spring 的声明式事务 -->
		<!-- 1.配置事务管理器 -->
		<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
			<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
		</bean>
		<!-- 2.配置事务属性，需要事务管理器 -->
		<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
			<tx:attributes>
				<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
				<tx:method name="*"/>
			</tx:attributes>
		</tx:advice>
		<!-- 3.配置事务切点，并把切点和事务属性相关联起来 -->
		<aop:config>
			<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.service.*.*(..))" id="txPoincut"/>
			<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoincut"/>
		</aop:config>
</beans>

在ApplicationContext.xml文件中，我们可以引用Hibernate的配置文件来配置Hibernate的基本信息，也可以直接使用HibernatePropites属性来配置Hibernate的基本配置，那么hibernate.cfg.xml就可以删除不用了，上文是直接在ioc容器使用HibernatePropites属性来配置的

接口 BookShopI.java：

public interface BookShopI {

	/**
	 * 根据书的编号查找书的价格
	 * @param id 书的编号
	 * @return
	 */
	int findBookPriceById(String id);
	
	/**
	 * 更新书的库存
	 * @param id 书的编号
	 */
	void updateBookStore(String id);
	
	/**
	 * 更新用户的账户余额
	 * @param userName 用户名
	 * @param price		余额
	 */
	void updateUserAccount(String userName,int price);
}

接口的实现 BookShopImpl：

@Repository
public class BookShopImpl implements BookShopI {

	@Autowired
	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

	// 获取和当前线程绑定的session
	private Session getSession() {
		return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
	}

	@Override
	public int findBookPriceById(String id) {
		String hql = "select b.price from Book b where b.bookId = :params ";
		Query query = getSession().createQuery(hql).setParameter("params", id);
		int price = (int) query.uniqueResult();
		return price;

	}

	@Override
	public void updateBookStore(String id) {
		// 验证库存是否充足
		String checkHql = "select b.store from Book b where b.bookId=:params ";
		Query query = getSession().createQuery(checkHql).setParameter("params", id);
		int store = (int) query.uniqueResult();
		if (store == 0) {
			throw new BookStoreException("库存不足");
		}

		String hql = "update Book b set b.store = b.store -1 where b.bookId=:params ";
		
		getSession().createQuery(hql).setParameter("params", id).executeUpdate();
	}

	@Override
	public void updateUserAccount(String userName, int price) {
		// 验证余额是否充足
		String checkHql = "select a.balance from Account a where a.userName=:params ";
		Query query = getSession().createQuery(checkHql).setParameter("params", userName);
		float balance = (float) query.uniqueResult();
		if (balance < price) {
			throw new UserPriceException("余额不足");
		}
		String hql = "update Account a set a.balance=a.balance - '" + price + "' where a.userName=:params ";
		getSession().createQuery(hql).setParameter("params", userName).executeUpdate();
	}

}

两个实体类：这里使用的是注解的方式

Account

@Entity
@Table(name="account")
public class Account implements Serializable {

	private Long id;

	private String userName;

	private float balance;

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Column(name="username")
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	@Column(name="balance")
	public float getBalance() {
		return balance;
	}

	public void setBalance(float balance) {
		this.balance = balance;
	}

}

**Book **

@Entity
@Table(name="book")
public class Book implements Serializable {

	private Long id;

	private String bookName;

	private String bookId;

	private int price;

	private int store;

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Column(name="bookname")
	public String getBookName() {
		return bookName;
	}

	public void setBookName(String bookName) {
		this.bookName = bookName;
	}

	@Column(name="bookid")
	public String getBookId() {
		return bookId;
	}

	public void setBookId(String bookId) {
		this.bookId = bookId;
	}

	@Column(name="price")
	public int getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setPrice(int price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	@Column(name="store")
	public int getStore() {
		return store;
	}

	public void setStore(int store) {
		this.store = store;
	}

}

两个自定义异常：

BookStoreException

public class BookStoreException extends RuntimeException{

	public BookStoreException() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public BookStoreException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public BookStoreException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public BookStoreException(String message) {
		super(message);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public BookStoreException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
}

UserPriceException

public class UserPriceException extends RuntimeException {

	public UserPriceException() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public UserPriceException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public UserPriceException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public UserPriceException(String message) {
		super(message);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public UserPriceException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
}

service层：

** 接口：UserByBookServiceI**

public interface UserByBookServiceI {

	/**
	 * 用户买书
	 * 
	 * @param UserName
	 *            用户名
	 * @param bookId
	 *            书的编号
	 */
	void byBook(String userName, String bookId);

	/**
	 * 用户买多本书
	 * 
	 * @param userName
	 *            用户名
	 * @param bookIds
	 *            书的编号集合
	 */
	void byMoreBook(String userName, List<String> bookIds);
}

实现：UserByBookServiceImpl

@Service("userByBookService")
public class UserByBookServiceImpl implements UserByBookServiceI {
	
	@Autowired
	private BookShopI bookShopI;
	@Override
	public void byBook(String userName, String bookId) {
		//获取书的价格
		int price = bookShopI.findBookPriceById(bookId);
		//使书的库存减1
		bookShopI.updateBookStore(bookId);
		//更新用户的账户余额
		bookShopI.updateUserAccount(userName, price);
	}	

	@Override
	public void byMoreBook(String userName, List<String> bookIds) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

}

最后测试主方法：

public class Main {
	private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
	private UserByBookServiceI userByBookService=null;
	{
		ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ApplicationContext.xml");
		userByBookService = (UserByBookServiceI) ctx.getBean("userByBookService");
		
	}

	@Test
	public void testDataSource() throws SQLException {
		DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource");
		System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
	}
	
	@Test
	public void byBook(){
		userByBookService.byBook("admin", "1001");
	}
}

运行前数据：

account表输入图片说明 book表：