Oracle常用数据字典表查看当前用户的缺省表空间SQL>selectusername,default_tablespacefromuser_users;查看当前用户的角色SQL>select*fromuser_role_privs;查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限SQL>select*fromuser_sys_privs;SQL>select*fromuser_tab_privs;查看用户下所有的表SQL>select*fromuser_tables;查看用户下所有的表的列属性SQL>select*fromUSER_TAB_COLUMNSwheretable_name=:table_Name;显示用户信息(所属表空间)selectdefault_tablespace,temporary_tablespacefromdba_userswhereusername='GAME';1、用户查看当前用户的缺省表空间SQL>selectusername,default_tablespacefromuser_users;查看当前用户的角色SQL>select*fromuser_role_privs;查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限SQL>select*fromuser_sys_privs;SQL>select*fromuser_tab_privs;显示当前会话所具有的权限SQL>select*fromsession_privs;显示指定用户所具有的系统权限SQL>select*fromdba_sys_privswheregrantee='GAME';显示特权用户select*fromv$pwfile_users;显示用户信息(所属表空间)selectdefault_tablespace,temporary_tablespacefromdba_userswhereusername='GAME';显示用户的PROFILEselectprofilefromdba_userswhereusername='GAME';2、表查看用户下所有的表SQL>select*fromuser_tables;查看名称包含log字符的表SQL>selectobject_name,object_idfromuser_objectswhereinstr(object_name,'LOG')>0;查看某表的创建时间SQL>selectobject_name,createdfromuser_objectswhereobject_name=upper('&table_name');查看某表的大小SQL>selectsum(bytes)/(1024*1024)as"size(M)"fromuser_segmentswheresegment_name=upper('&table_name');查看放在Oracle的内存区里的表SQL>selecttable_name,cachefromuser_tableswhereinstr(cache,'Y')>0;3、索引查看索引个数和类别SQL>selectindex_name,index_type,table_namefromuser_indexesorderbytable_name;查看索引被索引的字段SQL>select*fromuser_ind_columnswhereindex_name=upper('&index_name');查看索引的大小SQL>selectsum(bytes)/(1024*1024)as"size(M)"fromuser_segmentswheresegment_name=upper('&index_name');4、序列号查看序列号，last_number是当前值SQL>select*fromuser_sequences;5、视图查看视图的名称SQL>selectview_namefromuser_views;查看创建视图的select语句SQL>setview_name,text_lengthfromuser_views;SQL>setlong2000;说明：可以根据视图的text_length值设定setlong的大小SQL>selecttextfromuser_viewswhereview_name=upper('&view_name');6、同义词查看同义词的名称SQL>select*fromuser_synonyms;7、约束条件查看某表的约束条件SQL>selectconstraint_name,constraint_type,search_condition,r_constraint_namefromuser_constraintswheretable_name=upper('&table_name');SQL>selectc.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_namefromuser_constraintsc,user_cons_columnsccwherec.owner=upper('&table_owner')andc.table_name=upper('&table_name')andc.owner=cc.ownerandc.constraint_name=cc.constraint_nameorderbycc.position;8、存储函数和过程查看函数和过程的状态SQL>selectobject_name,statusfromuser_objectswhereobject_type='FUNCTION';SQL>selectobject_name,statusfromuser_objectswhereobject_type='PROCEDURE';查看函数和过程的源代码SQL>selecttextfromall_sourcewhereowner=userandname=upper('&plsql_name');常用的数据字典：dba_data_files:通常用来查询关于数据库文件的信息dba_db_links:包括数据库中的所有数据库链路，也就是databaselinks。dba_extents:数据库中所有分区的信息dba_free_space:所有表空间中的自由分区dba_indexs:关于数据库中所有索引的描述dba_ind_columns:在所有表及聚集上压缩索引的列dba_objects:数据库中所有的对象dba_rollback_segs:回滚段的描述dba_segments:所有数据库段分段的存储空间dba_synonyms:关于同义词的信息查询dba_tables:数据库中所有数据表的描述dba_tabespaces:关于表空间的信息dba_tab_columns:所有表描述、视图以及聚集的列dba_tab_grants/privs:对象所授予的权限dba_ts_quotas:所有用户表空间限额dba_users:关于数据的所有用户的信息dba_views:数据库中所有视图的文本常用的动态性能视图：v$datafile：数据库使用的数据文件信息v$librarycache：共享池中SQL语句的管理信息v$lock：通过访问数据库会话，设置对象锁的所有信息v$log：从控制文件中提取有关重做日志组的信息v$logfile有关实例重置日志组文件名及其位置的信息v$parameter：初始化参数文件中所有项的值v$process：当前进程的信息v$rollname：回滚段信息v$rollstat：联机回滚段统计信息v$rowcache：内存中数据字典活动/性能信息v$session:有关会话的信息v$sesstat：在v$session中报告当前会话的统计信息v$sqlarea：共享池中使用当前光标的统计信息，光标是一块内存区域，有Oracle处理SQL语句时打开。v$statname：在v$sesstat中报告各个统计的含义v$sysstat：基于当前操作会话进行的系统统计v$waitstat：出现一个以上会话访问数据库的数据时的详细情况。当有一个以上的会话访问同一信息时，可出现等待情况。总结了一下这些，彻底区别了视图与数据字典，也不那么容易混淆。嘿嘿!!!常用SQL查询：1、查看表空间的名称及大小selectt.tablespace_name,round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0)ts_size
fromdba_tablespacest,dba_data_filesd
wheret.tablespace_name=d.tablespace_name
groupbyt.tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小selecttablespace_name,file_id,file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0)total_space
fromdba_data_files
orderbytablespace_name;
3、查看回滚段名称及大小selectsegment_name,tablespace_name,r.status,
(initial_extent/1024)InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024)NextExtent,
max_extents,v.curextCurExtent
Fromdba_rollback_segsr,v$rollstatv
Wherer.segment_id=v.usn(+)
orderbysegment_name;
4、查看控制文件selectnamefromv$controlfile;
5、查看日志文件selectmemberfromv$logfile;
6、查看表空间的使用情况selectsum(bytes)/(1024*1024)asfree_space,tablespace_name
fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
SELECTA.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTESTOTAL,B.BYTESUSED,C.BYTESFREE,
(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES"%USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES"%FREE"
FROMSYS.SM$TS_AVAILA,SYS.SM$TS_USEDB,SYS.SM$TS_FREEC
WHEREA.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAMEANDA.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
7、查看数据库库对象selectowner,object_type,status,count(*)count#fromall_objectsgroupbyowner,object_type,status;
8、查看数据库的版本SelectversionFROMProduct_component_version
WhereSUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式SelectCreated,Log_Mode,Log_ModeFromV$Database;
10、捕捉运行很久的SQL
columnusernameformata12
columnopnameformata16
columnprogressformata8
selectusername,sid,opname,
round(sofar*100/totalwork,0)||'%'asprogress,
time_remaining,sql_text
fromv$session_longops,v$sql
wheretime_remaining<>0
andsql_address=address
andsql_hash_value=hash_value
11。查看数据表的参数信息SELECTpartition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:tnameANDtable_owner=:towner
ORDERBYpartition_position
12.查看还没提交的事务select*fromv$locked_object;
select*fromv$transaction;
13。查找object为哪些进程所用select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial#serial_num,
s.usernameuser_name,
a.typeobject_type,
s.osuseros_user_name,
a.owner,
a.objectobject_name,
decode(sign(48-command),
1,
to_char(command),'ActionCode#'||to_char(command))action,
p.programoracle_process,
s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,
s.statussession_status
fromv$sessions,v$accessa,v$processp
wheres.paddr=p.addrand
s.type='USER'and
a.sid=s.sidand
a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
14。回滚段查看selectrownum,sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameName,v$rollstat.extents
Extents,v$rollstat.rssizeSize_in_Bytes,v$rollstat.xactsXActs,
v$rollstat.getsGets,v$rollstat.waitsWaits,v$rollstat.writesWrites,
sys.dba_rollback_segs.statusstatusfromv$rollstat,sys.dba_rollback_segs,
v$rollnamewherev$rollname.name(+)=sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameand
v$rollstat.usn(+)=v$rollname.usnorderbyrownum
15。耗资源的进程(topsession)selects.schemanameschema_name,decode(sign(48-command),1,
to_char(command),'ActionCode#'||to_char(command))action,status
session_status,s.osuseros_user_name,s.sid,p.spid,s.serial#serial_num,
nvl(s.username,'[Oracleprocess]')user_name,s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,st.valuecriteria_valuefromv$sesstatst,v$sessions,v$processp
wherest.sid=s.sidandst.statistic#=to_number('38')and('ALL'='ALL'
ors.status='ALL')andp.addr=s.paddrorderbyst.valuedesc,p.spidasc,s.usernameasc,s.osuserasc
16。查看锁(lock)情况select/*+RULE*/ls.osuseros_user_name,ls.usernameuser_name,
decode(ls.type,'RW','Rowwaitenqueuelock','TM','DMLenqueuelock','TX',
'Transactionenqueuelock','UL','Usersuppliedlock')lock_type,
o.object_nameobject,decode(ls.lmode,1,null,2,'RowShare',3,
'RowExclusive',4,'Share',5,'ShareRowExclusive',6,'Exclusive',null)
lock_mode,o.owner,ls.sid,ls.serial#serial_num,ls.id1,ls.id2
fromsys.dba_objectso,(selects.osuser,s.username,l.type,
l.lmode,s.sid,s.serial#,l.id1,l.id2fromv$sessions,
v$locklwheres.sid=l.sid)lswhereo.object_id=ls.id1ando.owner
<>'SYS'orderbyo.owner,o.object_name
17。查看等待(wait)情况SELECTv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.countcount,SUM(v$sysstat.value)sum_value
FROMv$waitstat,v$sysstatWHEREv$sysstat.nameIN('dbblockgets',
'consistentgets')groupbyv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.count
18。查看sga情况SELECTNAME,BYTESFROMSYS.V_$SGASTATORDERBYNAMEASC
19。查看catchedobject
SELECTowner,name,db_link,namespace,
type,sharable_mem,loads,executions,
locks,pins,keptFROMv$db_object_cache
20。查看V$SQLAREA
SELECTSQL_TEXT,SHARABLE_MEM,PERSISTENT_MEM,RUNTIME_MEM,SORTS,
VERSION_COUNT,LOADED_VERSIONS,OPEN_VERSIONS,USERS_OPENING,EXECUTIONS,
USERS_EXECUTING,LOADS,FIRST_LOAD_TIME,INVALIDATIONS,PARSE_CALLS,DISK_READS,
BUFFER_GETS,ROWS_PROCESSEDFROMV$SQLAREA
21。查看object分类数量selectdecode(o.type#,1,'INDEX',2,'TABLE',3,'CLUSTER',4,'VIEW',5,
'SYNONYM',6,'SEQUENCE','OTHER')object_type,count(*)quantityfrom
sys.obj$owhereo.type#>1groupbydecode(o.type#,1,'INDEX',2,'TABLE',3
,'CLUSTER',4,'VIEW',5,'SYNONYM',6,'SEQUENCE','OTHER')unionselect
'COLUMN',count(*)fromsys.col$unionselect'DBLINK',count(*)from
22。按用户查看object种类selectu.nameschema,sum(decode(o.type#,1,1,NULL))indexes,
sum(decode(o.type#,2,1,NULL))tables,sum(decode(o.type#,3,1,NULL))
clusters,sum(decode(o.type#,4,1,NULL))views,sum(decode(o.type#,5,1,
NULL))synonyms,sum(decode(o.type#,6,1,NULL))sequences,
sum(decode(o.type#,1,NULL,2,NULL,3,NULL,4,NULL,5,NULL,6,NULL,1))
othersfromsys.obj$o,sys.user$uwhereo.type#>=1andu.user#=
o.owner#andu.name<>'PUBLIC'groupbyu.nameorderby
sys.link$unionselect'CONSTRAINT',count(*)fromsys.con$
23。有关connection的相关信息1)查看有哪些用户连接selects.osuseros_user_name,decode(sign(48-command),1,to_char(command),
'ActionCode#'||to_char(command))action,p.programoracle_process,
statussession_status,s.terminalterminal,s.programprogram,
s.usernameuser_name,s.fixed_table_sequenceactivity_meter,''query,
0memory,0max_memory,0cpu_usage,s.sid,s.serial#serial_num
fromv$sessions,v$processpwheres.paddr=p.addrands.type='USER'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
2)根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况selectn.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
fromv$statnamen,
v$sesstatv
wherev.sid=71and
v.statistic#=n.statistic#
orderbyn.class,n.statistic#
3)根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select/*+PUSH_SUBQ*/
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdatestart_time,
sysdatefinish_time,
'>'||addresssql_address,
'N'status
fromv$sqlarea
whereaddress=(selectsql_addressfromv$sessionwheresid=71)
2)根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况selectn.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
fromv$statnamen,
v$sesstatv
wherev.sid=71and
v.statistic#=n.statistic#
orderbyn.class,n.statistic#
3)根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select/*+PUSH_SUBQ*/
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdatestart_time,
sysdatefinish_time,
'>'||addresssql_address,
'N'status
fromv$sqlarea
whereaddress=(selectsql_addressfromv$sessionwheresid=71)
24．查询表空间使用情况selecta.tablespace_name"表空间名称",
100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2)"占用率(%)",
round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2)"容量(M)",
round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2)"空闲(M)",
round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2)"使用(M)",
Largest"最大扩展段(M)",
to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-ddhh24:mi:ss')"采样时间"
from(selectf.tablespace_name,
sum(f.bytes)bytes_alloc,
sum(decode(f.autoextensible,'YES',f.maxbytes,'NO',f.bytes))maxbytes
fromdba_data_filesf
groupbytablespace_name)a,
(selectf.tablespace_name,
sum(f.bytes)bytes_free
fromdba_free_spacef
groupbytablespace_name)b,
(selectround(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2)Largest,
ts.nametablespace_name
fromsys.fet$ff,sys.file$tf,sys.ts$ts
wherets.ts#=ff.ts#andff.file#=tf.relfile#andts.ts#=tf.ts#
groupbyts.name,tf.blocks)c
wherea.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_nameanda.tablespace_name=c.tablespace_name
25.查询表空间的碎片程度selecttablespace_name,count(tablespace_name)fromdba_free_spacegroupbytablespace_name
havingcount(tablespace_name)>10;
altertablespacenamecoalesce;
altertablenamedeallocateunused;
createorreplaceviewts_blocks_vas
selecttablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'freespace'segment_namefromdba_free_space
unionall
selecttablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_namefromdba_extents;
select*fromts_blocks_v;
selecttablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id)fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
26。查询有哪些数据库实例在运行selectinst_namefromv$active_instances;
//取得服务器的IP地址selectutl_inaddr.get_host_addressfromdual
//取得客户端的IP地址selectsys_context('userenv','host'),sys_context('userenv','ip_address')fromdual
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