Question 1:
Why does the following code compile without having a return statement?
06000
If a method is declared to have a return type (§8.4.5), then a compile-time error occurs if the body of the method can complete normally (§14.1).
In other words, a method with a return type must return only by using a return statement that provides a value return; the method is not allowed to “drop off the end of its body”. See §14.17 for the precise rules about return statements in a method body.
It is possible for a method to have a return type and yet contain no return statements. Here is one example:
06001
因为编译器知道循环永远不会终止(true总是true,当然),它知道函数不能“正常返回”(离开它的body的末尾),因此没有返回。
Question 2:
On the other hand, why does the following code compile,
06002
even though the following does not.
06003
在0 == 0的情况下,编译器知道循环永远不会终止(0 == 0将永远为真)。但它不知道对于b == b。
为什么不?
Some expressions have a value that can be determined at compile time. These are constant expressions (§15.28).
在你的b == b示例中,因为涉及一个变量,它不是常量表达式,并且没有指定在编译时确定。我们可以看到,在这种情况下总是成立的(虽然如果b是双精度的,如QBrute pointed out,我们很容易被Double.NaN,它是not == itself),但是JLS只规定常数表达式是确定的在编译时,它不允许编译器尝试评估非常量表达式。 bayou.io raised a good point为什么不:如果你开始走下去的道路尝试确定涉及变量的表达式在编译时间,你停止在哪里? b == b是明显的(呃,对于非NaN值),但是b == b a?或(a b)* 2 == a * 2 b * 2?在常量绘制线是有意义的。
因为它不“确定”表达式,编译器不知道循环将永远不会终止,所以它认为该方法可以正常返回 – 它不允许这样做,因为它需要使用return。所以它抱怨缺乏回报。