java哪个是异常的根类_java中获取根异常并进行分发处理

在java中获取到一个exception后有时需要获取该异常的根异常，实现方法有多重，本文介绍两种方式：一种是逐一判断该异常属于哪一个异常的实例，另一个是遍历找到最终抛出异常的类型。

1、判断异常实例类型

java中可以使用instanceof判断该对象是否是某一个类的实例，通过该方法可以判断异常的类型并调用相应的处理方法。

demo如下，在Java web中使用instanceof判断异常类型并调用不同的方法进行处理

package com.landsem.update.base.exception.handler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.landsem.update.base.exception.ActionUnSupportException;

public class ExceptionDispatcher implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

protected static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ExceptionDispatcher.class);

@Override

public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest arg0,

HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3) {

//action unSupport exception.自定义的异常

if (arg3 instanceof ActionUnSupportException) {

logger.error("ActionUnSupportException exception.");

arg3.printStackTrace();

}

//DataIntegrityViolationException exception.数据库抛出的异常

else if (arg3 instanceof DataIntegrityViolationException) {

logger.error("DataIntegrityViolationException");

arg3.printStackTrace();

}

//base exception.根异常

else if (arg3 instanceof Exception) {

logger.error("unknown exception.");

arg3.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

}

2、遍历获取根异常并通过反射机制调用处理方法

通过判断异常的getCause是否为空判断是否为最终的异常抛出类。

参考如下demo，java web(配置略，如需查看配置方法请参考http://www.voidcn.com/article/p-txulnyff-qp.html)中实现异常捕获并根据最终的异常类型通过反射机制调用异常类型+Handler的类的handlerException方法进行处理进行异常处理。

package com.landsem.update.base.exception.handler;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class ExceptionDispatcher implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

protected static Logger logger = Logger

.getLogger(ExceptionDispatcher.class);

@Override

public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest arg0,

HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3) {

//

if (null != arg3) {

Throwable tb = findRootExceptionThrowable(arg3);

if (null != tb) {

String basePackageName = this.getClass().getPackage().getName();

String exceptionBaseName = tb.getClass().getName();

String handlerClassName = new StringBuffer()

.append(basePackageName)

.append(exceptionBaseName.substring(exceptionBaseName

.lastIndexOf("."))).append("Handler").toString();

logger.info(handlerClassName);

try {

Class> cls = Class.forName(handlerClassName);

if (null != cls) {

Method m = cls.getDeclaredMethod("handlerException",

new Class[] { HttpServletRequest.class,

HttpServletResponse.class, Object.class,

Throwable.class });

if (null != m) {

return (ModelAndView) m.invoke(cls.newInstance(), arg0,

arg1, arg2, tb);

}

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return null;

}

/**

* find root exception throwable.

*

* @param e

* @return

*/

protected Throwable findRootExceptionThrowable(Exception e) {

/*

* Throwable tmp = e.getCause(); while (null != tmp &&

* !(tmp.getClass().getName().equals(tmp.getCause().getClass()

* .getName()))) { tmp = tmp.getCause(); } return tmp;

*/

Throwable rootCause = e;

while (rootCause.getCause() != null) {

rootCause = rootCause.getCause();

}

return rootCause;

}

}

异常处理类实现如下接口方便通过反射调用到处理方法：

package com.landsem.update.base.exception.handler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public interface IExceptionHandler {

public ModelAndView handlerException(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response, Object arg,Throwable tb);

}

如下为一个简单的ParamsFormatErrorExceptionHandler实现，当抛出自定义异常ParamsFormatErrorException时被反射调用。

package com.landsem.update.base.exception.handler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class ParamsFormatErrorExceptionHandler implements IExceptionHandler{

protected static Logger logger = Logger

.getLogger(ExceptionDispatcher.class);

@Override

public ModelAndView handlerException(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response, Object arg, Throwable tb) {

logger.error("request format error!");

return null;

}

}