hive有几种访问方法,shell的和thrift
client的方法,在安装hive的时候,默认是把metastore保存到deby里的,这种方式就是把metastore保存到本地文件,他的问题是,在同一时间,只能有一个实例访问hive,你开两个shell,就会报错,而且这种方式更多适用于做unit
test,而非工业做法。
那么metastore可以存储到mysql,本地或者非本地都可以。而且只有使用mysql存储metastore的方式,thrift才可以顺利访问到shell下创建的table。
Hive 将元数据存储在 RDBMS 中,有三种模式可以连接到数据库:
1)ingle User Mode: 此模式连接到一个 In-memory 的数据库 Derby,一般用于 Unit
Test。
2)Multi User Mode:通过网络连接到一个数据库中,是最经常使用到的模式。
3)Remote Server Mode:用于非 Java 客户端访问元数据库,在服务器端启动一个
MetaStoreServer,客户端利用 Thrift 协议通过 MetaStoreServer 访问元数据库。
Hive默认是采用Derby来存储其Meta信息的,
现在我们需要修改为mysql
1.在mysql专门为hive添加用户
Java代码
mysql> CREATE USER'hive'@'hive-mysql'IDENTIFIED BY'hivepasswd';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO'hive'@'hive-mysql'WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> CREATE USER 'hive'@'hive-mysql' IDENTIFIED BY 'hivepasswd';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'hive'@'hive-mysql' WITH GRANT OPTION;
2.修改配置文件conf/hive-site.xml
Xml代码
hive.metastore.local
true
controls whether to connect to remove metastore server or open a new metastore server in Hive Client JVM
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://hive-mysql:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Driver class name for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
hive
username to use against metastore database
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
hivepasswd
password to use against metastore database
hive.metastore.local
true
controls whether to connect to remove metastore server or open a new metastore server in Hive Client JVM
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://hive-mysql:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Driver class name for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
hive
username to use against metastore database
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
hivepasswd
password to use against metastore database
3.添加jdbc的jar包
Java代码
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.1.11.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.he.net/
tar -xvzf mysql-connector-java-5.1.11.tar.gz
cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.11/*.jar /data/soft/hive/lib
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.1.11.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.he.net/
tar -xvzf mysql-connector-java-5.1.11.tar.gz
cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.11/*.jar /data/soft/hive/lib
4.启动hive
Java代码
bin/hive
hive> show tables;
bin/hive
hive> show tables;
When using MySQL as a metastore I see the error
"com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key
was too long; max key length is 767 bytes".
* This is a
known limitation of MySQL 5.0 and UTF8 databases. One option is to
use another character set, such as 'latin1', which is known to
work.
Hive用MySQL做元数据保存的数据库时,mySQL设置
http://running.iteye.com/blog/910277