java10 hibernate_Java笔记之hibernate(十):关系延迟加载

0.说在前面

1.概念

关系延迟加载是用在one-to-many、many-to-many、many-to-one关系配置上的

hibernate3之后默认开启关系延迟加载,当前项目就是使用的hibernate3

2.新建LazyTest类

packagecom.hibernate.demo.test;importjava.util.Set;importorg.hibernate.SessionFactory;importorg.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;importorg.hibernate.classic.Session;importcom.hibernate.demo.bean.Department;importcom.hibernate.demo.bean.Employee;public classLazyTest {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//加载配置文件,创建会话工厂对象

SessionFactory sessionFactory = newConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();//创建会话对象

Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();

System.out.println("log1");//根据id获取Department对象

Department department = (Department) session.get(Department.class, 1);

System.out.println("log2");//获取对象中的Employee集合

Set employees =department.getEmployees();//遍历集合

for(Employee employee : employees) {

System.out.println(employee.getEmpName());

}

System.out.println("log3");//关闭会话对象

session.close();//关闭会话工厂对象

sessionFactory.close();

}

}

说明:Department类Employee类是一对多的关系,此时Department.hbm.xml文件中两者的one-to-many配置上并没有添加延迟加载的配置

3.运行LazyTest类

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".

SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.

log1

Hibernate: select department0_.dept_id as dept1_2_0_, department0_.dept_name as dept2_2_0_ from t_department department0_ where department0_.dept_id=?log2

Hibernate: select employees0_.dept_id as dept3_2_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_0_0_, employees0_.emp_name as emp2_0_0_, employees0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from t_employee employees0_ where employees0_.dept_id=?李四

王五

log3

4.总结

从3中打印的信息,可以看出查询Department时并没有发送SQL去查询Employee信息,而是在获取Employee的Set集合信息时才发送SQL去数据库查询,可见默认是开启延时加载的.

5.修改Department.hbm.xml文件,关闭Department与Employee之间的one-to-many延时加载

/p>

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

6.再次运行LazyTest类

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".

SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.

log1

Hibernate: select department0_.dept_id as dept1_2_0_, department0_.dept_name as dept2_2_0_ from t_department department0_ where department0_.dept_id=?Hibernate: select employees0_.dept_id as dept3_2_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_0_0_, employees0_.emp_name as emp2_0_0_, employees0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from t_employee employees0_ where employees0_.dept_id=?log2

李四

王五

log3

7.总结

从6中打印的信息可以看出,延迟加载被关闭后,在查询Department信息的时候也会发送SQL语句去查询Employee信息

8.关于many-to-one的延迟加载问题,新建LazyTest2类

packagecom.hibernate.demo.test;importorg.hibernate.SessionFactory;importorg.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;importorg.hibernate.classic.Session;importcom.hibernate.demo.bean.Department;importcom.hibernate.demo.bean.Employee;public classLazyTest2 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//加载配置文件,创建会话工厂对象

SessionFactory sessionFactory = newConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();//创建会话对象

Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();

System.out.println("log1");//根据id获取Employee对象

Employee employee = (Employee) session.get(Employee.class, 2);

System.out.println("log2");//获取Department对象

Department department =employee.getDepartment();

System.out.println(department.getDeptName());

System.out.println("log3");//关闭会话对象

session.close();//关闭会话工厂对象

sessionFactory.close();

}

}

9.运行LazyTest2类

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".

SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.

log1

Hibernate: select employee0_.emp_id as emp1_0_0_, employee0_.emp_name as emp2_0_0_, employee0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from t_employee employee0_ where employee0_.emp_id=?log2

Hibernate: select department0_.dept_id as dept1_2_0_, department0_.dept_name as dept2_2_0_ from t_department department0_ where department0_.dept_id=?Hibernate: select employees0_.dept_id as dept3_2_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_0_0_, employees0_.emp_name as emp2_0_0_, employees0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from t_employee employees0_ where employees0_.dept_id=?行政部

log3

说明:Employee.hbm.xml文件中关于Employee与Department的多对一配置中并没有手动设置延迟加载,而是使用的默认的延迟加载配置.

10.总结

从9中打印的信息可以看出,many-to-one是默认开启延迟加载的,不需要手动开启,如果手动开启反倒会报异常:Attribute "lazy" with value "true" must have a value from the list "false proxy no-proxy ".

11.将Employee.hbm.xml文件中与Department的many-to-one配置的延迟加载关闭,也就是设置lazy="false",再次运行LazyTest2类

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".

SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.

log1

Hibernate: select employee0_.emp_id as emp1_0_0_, employee0_.emp_name as emp2_0_0_, employee0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from t_employee employee0_ where employee0_.emp_id=?Hibernate: select department0_.dept_id as dept1_2_0_, department0_.dept_name as dept2_2_0_ from t_department department0_ where department0_.dept_id=?Hibernate: select employees0_.dept_id as dept3_2_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_1_, employees0_.emp_id as emp1_0_0_, employees0_.emp_name as emp2_0_0_, employees0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from t_employee employees0_ where employees0_.dept_id=?log2

行政部

log3

12.总结

从11中打印的信息可以看出,关闭了延迟加载,在查询Employee信息的时候也会发送SQL语句查询Department信息

13.综述

从上述各种情况的结果来看:

(1).hibernate3之后是默认开启延迟加载的;

(2).one-to-many、many-to-many、many-to-one虽然都是默认开启延迟加载的,但是前两者还可以手动开启延迟加载,最后一个就不可以手动开启延迟加载;

(3).many-to-many没有做示例,但也确实是默认开启延迟加载的;