python小_Python小练习（1）

1.指定一个源文件，实现copy到目标目录

fn1 = 'test.txt'

fn2 = 'test2.txt'

with open(fn1,'w+') as f:

f.writelines('\n'.join(['abc','123','stone']))

f.seek(0)

print(f.read())

f.close()

def copy(src,dst):

with open(src,'rb') as f1:

with open(dst,'wb') as f2:

length = 16*1027

while True:

buf = f1.read(length)

if not buf:

break

f2.write(buf)

copy(fn1,fn2)

2.复制目录，选择一个已存在的目录作为当前工作目录，在其下创建a/b/c/d这样的子目录结构，并在这些子目录的不同层级生成50个普通文件，要求文件名由4个随机小写字母构成。将a目录下所有内容复制到当前工作目录dst目录下去，要求复制的普通文件的文件名必须是x,y,z开头

import shutil

from pathlib import Path

from string import ascii_lowercase

import random

basedir = Path('d:/temp')

sub = Path('a/b/c/d')

dirs = [sub]+list(sub.parents)[:-1]

(basedir/sub).mkdir(parents=True,exist_ok=True)

filenames = ("".join(random.choices(ascii_lowercase,k=4)) for i in range(50))

for filename in filenames:

(basedir/random.choice(dirs)/filename).touch()

def ignore_files(src,names,exclude=set('xyz')):

return set(filter(lambda name:name[0] not in exclude and Path(src,name).is_file(),names))

shutil.copytree(str(basedir/'a'),str(basedir/'dst'),ignore=ignore_files)

3.单词统计,对一个指定文件进行单词统计,不区分大小写,并显示单词重复最多的10个单词

def makekey(s:str):

chars = set(r"""!()-=*'"/\#.[]{},""")

key = s.lower()

ret = []

for c in key:

if c in chars:

ret.append(' ')

else:

ret.append(c)

return "".join(ret).split()

d = {}

with open(filename,encoding='utf-8') as f:

for line in f:

for word in makekey(line):

d[word] = d.get(word,0) + 1

for k,v in sorted(d.items(),key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)[:10]:

print(k,v)

# 运行结果

path 138

the 136

is 60

a 59

os 50

if 43

and 40

to 34

on 33

of 33

4.有一个test.ini内容如下,将其转换为json格式

[DEFAULT]

a = test

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

a = 1000

[mysqld]

datadir = /dbserver/data

port = 33060

character-set-server = utf8

sql_node = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

代码如下:

from configparser import ConfigParser

import json

filename = 'test.ini'

jsonname = 'mysql.json'

cfg = ConfigParser()

cfg.read(filename)

dest = {}

for section in cfg.sections():

dest[section] = dict(cfg.items(section))

with open(jsonname,'w') as f:

json.dump(dest,f)