mongodb java查询_Java MongoDB查询

本文介绍如何从集合中查询文档的通用方法。

测试数据

插入5条测试文档

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

1. find()

1.1 获取第一条文档

Document document = collection.find().first();

System.out.println(document);

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

1.2 获取所有文档

FindIterable documents = collection.find();

MongoCursor mongoCursor = documents.iterator();

while (mongoCursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(mongoCursor.next());

}

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

1.3 获取文档的单一字段

Document fields = new Document();

fields.put("name", 1);

FindIterable projection = collection.find().projection(fields);

MongoCursor iterator = projection.iterator();

while (iterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(iterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

2. 使用find()对比查询

2.1 获取所有number = 5的文档

Document whereQuery = new Document();

whereQuery.put("number", 5);

FindIterable whereDocuments = collection.find(whereQuery);

MongoCursor whereIterator = whereDocuments.iterator();

while (whereIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(whereIterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

2.2 $in - 获取number在2、4、5中的文档

Document inQuery = new Document();

List list = new ArrayList();

list.add(2);

list.add(4);

list.add(5);

inQuery.put("number", new Document("$in", list));

FindIterable listDocuments = collection.find(inQuery);

MongoCursor listIterator = listDocuments.iterator();

while (listIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(listIterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

2.3 $gt $lt - 获取5 > number > 2的文档

Document gtQuery = new Document();

gtQuery.put("number", new Document("$gt", 2).append("$lt", 5));

FindIterable gtDocuments = collection.find(gtQuery);

MongoCursor gtIterator = gtDocuments.iterator();

while (gtIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(gtIterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

2.4 $ne - 获取number != 4的文档

Document neQuery = new Document();

neQuery.put("number", new Document("$ne", 4));

FindIterable neDocuments = collection.find(neQuery);

MongoCursor neIterator = neDocuments.iterator();

while (neIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(neIterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

3. 使用find()进行逻辑查询

3.1 $and - 获取number = 2 and name = 'mkyong-2'的文档

Document andQuery = new Document();

List obj = new ArrayList();

obj.add(new Document("number", 2));

obj.add(new Document("name", "mkyong-2"));

andQuery.put("$and", obj);

System.out.println(andQuery.toString());

FindIterable andDocuments = collection.find(andQuery);

MongoCursor andIterator = andDocuments.iterator();

while (andIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(andIterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "$and" : [ { "number" : 2} , { "name" : "mkyong-2"}]}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

4. 使用find()通过正则表达式查询

4.1 $regex

Document regexQuery = new Document();

regexQuery.put("name",

new Document("$regex", "Mky.*-[1-3]")

.append("$options", "i"));

System.out.println(regexQuery.toString());

FindIterable regexDocuments = collection.find(regexQuery);

MongoCursor regexIterator = regexDocuments.iterator();

while (regexIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(regexIterator.next());

}

输出：

{ "name" : { "$regex" : "Mky.*-[1-3]" , "$options" : "i"}}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "515ad59e3004c89329c7b259"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "515ad59e3004c89329c7b25a"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "515ad59e3004c89329c7b25b"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

5. 完整实例

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;

import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;

import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;

import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

import org.bson.Document;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Calendar;

import java.util.List;

public class FindDocument {

public static void insertDummyDocuments(MongoCollection collection) {

List list = new ArrayList();

Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

Document data = new Document();

data.append("number", i);

data.append("name", "mkyong-" + i);

// data.append("date", cal.getTime());

// +1 day

cal.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);

list.add(data);

}

collection.insertMany(list);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);

MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("test");

// get a single collection

MongoCollection collection = database.getCollection("dummyColl");

insertDummyDocuments(collection);

System.out.println("1. Find first matched document");

Document document = collection.find().first();

System.out.println(document);

System.out.println("\n1. Find all matched documents");

FindIterable documents = collection.find();

MongoCursor mongoCursor = documents.iterator();

while (mongoCursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(mongoCursor.next());

}

System.out.println("\n1. Get 'name' field only");

// Document allQuery = new Document();

Document fields = new Document();

fields.put("name", 1);

FindIterable projection = collection.find().projection(fields);

MongoCursor iterator = projection.iterator();

while (iterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(iterator.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where number = 5");

Document whereQuery = new Document();

whereQuery.put("number", 5);

FindIterable whereDocuments = collection.find(whereQuery);

MongoCursor whereIterator = whereDocuments.iterator();

while (whereIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(whereIterator.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where number in 2,4 and 5");

Document inQuery = new Document();

List list = new ArrayList();

list.add(2);

list.add(4);

list.add(5);

inQuery.put("number", new Document("$in", list));

FindIterable listDocuments = collection.find(inQuery);

MongoCursor listIterator = listDocuments.iterator();

while (listIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(listIterator.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where 5 > number > 2");

Document gtQuery = new Document();

gtQuery.put("number", new Document("$gt", 2).append("$lt", 5));

FindIterable gtDocuments = collection.find(gtQuery);

MongoCursor gtIterator = gtDocuments.iterator();

while (gtIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(gtIterator.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where number != 4");

Document neQuery = new Document();

neQuery.put("number", new Document("$ne", 4));

FindIterable neDocuments = collection.find(neQuery);

MongoCursor neIterator = neDocuments.iterator();

while (neIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(neIterator.next());

}

System.out.println("\n3. Find when number = 2 and name = 'mkyong-2' example");

Document andQuery = new Document();

List obj = new ArrayList();

obj.add(new Document("number", 2));

obj.add(new Document("name", "mkyong-2"));

andQuery.put("$and", obj);

System.out.println(andQuery.toString());

FindIterable andDocuments = collection.find(andQuery);

MongoCursor andIterator = andDocuments.iterator();

while (andIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(andIterator.next());

}

System.out.println("\n4. Find where name = 'Mky.*-[1-3]', case sensitive example");

Document regexQuery = new Document();

regexQuery.put("name",

new Document("$regex", "Mky.*-[1-3]")

.append("$options", "i"));

System.out.println(regexQuery.toString());

FindIterable regexDocuments = collection.find(regexQuery);

MongoCursor regexIterator = regexDocuments.iterator();

while (regexIterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(regexIterator.next());

}

collection.drop();

System.out.println("Done");

} catch (MongoException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}