java第十版基础篇第九章,JAVA语言程序设计（基础篇） 第十版——第九章 对象和类 （参考答案）...

提示：第9~13章的练习题要达到下面三个目标：

1.设计类并画出UML类图；

2.实现UML中的类；

3.实用类开发应用程序.

个人建议：去下载个软件画UML类图，如，

里面可直接将你画的UML类图转换为代码，省时便捷，具体转换操作去百度百度。

(9.2~9.5节)

9.1(矩形类Rectangle)

package p9;

public class Rectangle {

public double width;

public double height;

public Rectangle() {

width=1;

height=1;

}

public Rectangle(double newWidth, double newHeight) {

width=newWidth;

height=newHeight;

}

public double getArea() {

return width*height;

}

public double getPerimeter() {

return 2*(width+height);

}

}

package p9;

public class Test1 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//创建对象 1

Rectangle object1=new Rectangle(4, 40);

//创建对象 2

Rectangle object2=new Rectangle(3.5, 35.9);

System.out.print("第一个矩形： ");

System.out.print(" 宽："+object1.width+" 高："+object1.height);

System.out.println(" 面积："+object1.getArea()+" 周长："+object1.getPerimeter());

System.out.print("第二个矩形： ");

System.out.print(" 宽："+object2.width+" 高："+object2.height);

System.out.println(" 面积："+object2.getArea()+" 周长："+object2.getPerimeter());

}

}

9.2(股票类 Stock)

package p9;

public class Stock {

public String symbol;

public String name;

public double previousClosingPrice;

public double currentPrice;

public Stock(String newSymbol, String newName) {

symbol=newSymbol;

name=newName;

}

public double getChangePercent() {

return (currentPrice-previousClosingPrice)/100 ;

}

public void setPreviousClosingPrice(double newPreviousClosingPrice) {

previousClosingPrice=newPreviousClosingPrice;

}

public void setCurrentPrice(double CurrentPrice) {

currentPrice=CurrentPrice;

}

}

package p9;

public class Test2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//创建一个对象

Stock object=new Stock("ORCL","Oracle Corporation");

object.setPreviousClosingPrice(34.5);

object.setCurrentPrice(35.5);

System.out.println("市值变化的百分比是："+object.getChangePercent());

}

}

(9.6节)

*9.3(使用日期类Date)

package p9;

public class Test3 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//创建一个Date类

java.util.Date date=new java.util.Date();

date.setTime(10000);

System.out.println(date.toString());

date.setTime(100000);

System.out.println(date.toString());

date.setTime(1000000);

System.out.println(date.toString());

date.setTime(10000000);

System.out.println(date.toString());

date.setTime(100000000);

System.out.println(date.toString());

date.setTime(1000000000);

System.out.println(date.toString());

//注意：长整数要在后面加上“L”，不然不能被识别

date.setTime(10000000000L);

System.out.println(date.toString());

//注意：长整数要在后面加上“L”，不然不能被识别

date.setTime(100000000000L);

System.out.println(date.toString());

}

}

*9.4(使用随机类Random)

package p9;

import java.util.Random;

public class Test4 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Random random=new Random(1000);

for(int i=1; i<=50; i++) {

if(i%10==0)

System.out.println(random.nextInt(100));

else

System.out.print(random.nextInt(100)+" ");

}

}

}

*9.5(使用公历类GregorianCalendar)

在构造方法里我直接输入了 我的当前日期

因为我发现，用它的无参构造方法时，显示的月份少一个月，我也不知道为什么。

package p9;

import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

public class Test5 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//在构造方法里我直接输入了 我的当前日期

GregorianCalendar object=new GregorianCalendar(2020,4,8);

System.out.println(object.get(GregorianCalendar.YEAR)+"年"

+ object.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH)+"月"

+ object.get(GregorianCalendar.DATE)+"日");

object.setTimeInMillis(1234567898765L);

System.out.println(object.get(GregorianCalendar.YEAR)+"年"

+ object.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH)+"月"

+ object.get(GregorianCalendar.DATE)+"日");

}

}

(9.7~9.9节)

*9.6(秒表)

package p9;

public class StopWatch {

private long startTime;

private long endTime;

public StopWatch() {

java.util.Date date=new java.util.Date();

startTime=date.getTime();

}

public void start(long startTime) {

this.startTime=startTime;

}

public void Stop(long endTime) {

this.endTime=endTime;

}

public long getElapsedTime() {

java.util.Date time=new java.util.Date();

return time.getTime();

}

public long getStartTime() {

return startTime;

}

public long getEndTime() {

return endTime;

}

}

package p9;

public class Test6 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

StopWatch object=new StopWatch();

int[] n=new int[100000];

for(int i=0; i<100000; i++) {

n[i]=(int) (Math.random()*100);

}

selectionSort(n);

object.Stop(object.getElapsedTime());

long executeTime=object.getEndTime()-object.getStartTime();

System.out.println("执行时间为： "+executeTime+" Milliseconds.");

}

public static void selectionSort(int[] list) {

for(int i=0;i

9.7(账户类Account)

package p9;

import java.util.Date;

public class Account {

public int id=0;//用户名

public double balance=0;//余额

public double annualInteresRate=0;//当前利率

public java.util.Date dateCreated;//存储开户日期

//无参构造方法

public Account(){

Date dateCreated=new Date();

this.dateCreated=dateCreated;

}

//有参构造方法

public Account(int id, double balance){

Date dateCreated=new Date();

this.dateCreated=dateCreated;

this.id=id;

this.balance=balance;

}

public int getId(){

return id;

}

public double getBalance() {

return balance;

}

public double getAnualInterestRate() {

return annualInteresRate;

}

public void setId(int id){

this.id=id;

}

public void setBalance(double balance) {

this.balance=balance;

}

//设置 年利率

public void setAnnualInterestRate(double annualInterestRate) {

this.annualInteresRate=annualInterestRate;

}

//获得开户日期

public String getDateCreated(){

return dateCreated.toString();

}

//月利息

public double getMonthlyInterestRate() {

return annualInteresRate/12;

}

//取钱

public double withDraw(double withdraw) {

return this.balance=this.balance-withdraw;

}

//存钱

public double deposit(double deposit) {

return this.balance=this.balance+deposit;

}

}

package p9;

import java.util.Date;

public class Test7 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Account object=new Account( 1122, 20000 );

object.setAnnualInterestRate(4.5/100);

object.withDraw(2500);

object.deposit(3000);

System.out.println("余额："+object.getBalance()+"美元");

System.out.println("月利息："+object.getMonthlyInterestRate()*100+"%");

System.out.print("开户时间："+object.getDateCreated());

}

}

9.8(风扇类 Fan)

package p9;

public class Fan {

//常量，表示风扇的速度

public final int SLOW=1;

public final int MEDIUM=2;

public final int FAST=3;

//数据域

private int speed=SLOW;

private boolean on=false;

private double radius=5;

public String color="blue";

public int getSpeed(int speed) {

return speed;

}

public boolean getOn() {

return false;

}

public double getRadius() {

return radius;

}

public String getColor() {

return color;

}

public void setSpeed(int speed) {

this.speed=speed;

}

public void setOn(boolean on) {

this.on=on;

}

public void setRadius(double radius) {

this.radius=radius;

}

public void setColor(String color) {

this.color=color;

}

Fan(){

}

public String toString(){

if(on==true) {

return "速度："+this.speed+" 颜色："+this.color+" 半径："+this.radius;

}

else {

return "fan is off."+" 颜色："+this.color+" 半径："+this.radius;

}

}

}

package p9;

public class Test8 {

private static final int SLOW = 1;

private static final int MEDIUM = 2;

private static final int FAST = 3;

public static void main(String[] args) {

Fan object1=new Fan();

Fan object2=new Fan();

object1.setSpeed(FAST);

object1.setRadius(10);

object1.setColor("yellow");

object1.setOn(true);

object2.setSpeed(MEDIUM);

object2.setRadius(5);

object2.setColor("blue");

object2.setOn(false);

System.out.println("对象1： "+object1.toString());

System.out.println("对象2："+object2.toString());

}

}

**9.9(几何：正 n 边形)

package p9;

/** */

public class RegularPolygon

{

//多边形边数

private int n=3;

//多边形长度

private double side=1;

//多边形的X坐标

private double x=0;

//多边形的y坐标

private double y=0;

//无参构造方法

RegularPolygon()

{

}

//指定边数、长度、中心在(0，0)的正多边形的构造方法

RegularPolygon(int n, double side)

{

this.n=n;

this.side=side;

}

//指定边数、长度、中心在(x，y)的正多边形的构造方法

RegularPolygon(int n, double side, double x, double y)

{

this.n=n;

this.side=side;

this.x=x;

this.y=y;

}

/** */

public int getN()

{

return n;

}

/** */

public void setN(int n)

{

this.n=n;

}

/** */

public double getSide()

{

return side;

}

/** */

public void setSide(double side)

{

this.side=side;

}

/** */

public double getX()

{

return x;

}

/** */

public void setX(double x)

{

this.x=x;

}

/** */

public double getY()

{

return y;

}

/** */

public void setY(double y)

{

this.y=y;

}

//求周长

public double getPerimeter()

{

return n*side;

}

//求面积

public double getArea()

{

return (n*Math.pow(side, 2)) / ( 4 * Math.toDegrees( Math.tan(Math.PI/n ) ) );

}

}

package p9;

public class Test9 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

RegularPolygon object1=new RegularPolygon();

RegularPolygon object2=new RegularPolygon(6,4);

RegularPolygon object3=new RegularPolygon(10,4,5.6,7.8);

System.out.println("对象1： 周长："+object1.getPerimeter()+" 面积："+object1.getArea());

System.out.println("对象2： 周长："+object2.getPerimeter()+" 面积："+object2.getArea());

System.out.println("对象3： 周长："+object3.getPerimeter()+" 面积："+object3.getArea());

}

}

*9.10(代数：二次方程)

package p9;

public class QuadraticEquation {

private double a;

private double b;

private double c;

QuadraticEquation(double a, double b, double c) {

this.a=a;

this.b=b;

this.c=c;

}

public double getA() {

return a;

}

public double getB() {

return b;

}

public double getC() {

return c;

}

public double getDiscriminant() {

double p=Math.pow(b, 2)-4*a*c;

return p;

}

public double getRoot1() {

double r1=(-b+Math.sqrt(Math.pow(b, 2)-4*a*c)) / (2*a);

return r1;

}

public double getRoot2() {

double r2=(-b-Math.sqrt(Math.pow(b, 2)-4*a*c)) / (2*a);

return r2;

}

}

package p9;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test10 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("请输入a、b和c的值：");

double a=input.nextDouble();

double b=input.nextDouble();

double c=input.nextDouble();

input.close();

QuadraticEquation object=new QuadraticEquation(a,b,c);

System.out.println("a的值："+object.getA());

System.out.println("b的值："+object.getB());

System.out.println("c的值："+object.getC());

if(object.getDiscriminant()>0)

System.out.println("判别式>0,方程有两个根,分别为 r1:"+object.getRoot1()+" r2:"+object.getRoot2());

else if(object.getDiscriminant()==0)

System.out.println("判别式=0,方程只有一个根 r:"+object.getRoot1());

else

System.out.println("The equation has no roots.");

}

}

*9.11(代数：2x2 的线性方程)

package p9;

public class LinearEquation {

private double a;

private double b;

private double c;

private double d;

private double e;

private double f;

LinearEquation(double a, double b, double c, double d, double e, double f) {

this.a=a;

this.b=b;

this.c=c;

this.d=d;

this.e=e;

this.f=f;

}

public double getA() {

return a;

}

public double getB() {

return b;

}

public double getC() {

return c;

}

public double getD() {

return d;

}

public double getE() {

return e;

}

public double getF() {

return f;

}

public boolean isSolvable() {

if((this.a*this.d-this.b*this.c) != 0)

return true;

else

return false;

}

public double getX() {

double x=(this.e*this.d-this.b*this.f)/(this.a*this.d-this.b*this.c);

return x;

}

public double getY() {

double y=(this.a*this.f-this.e*this.c)/(this.a*this.d-this.b*this.c);

return y;

}

}

package p9;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test11 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("请输入a、b、c、d、e、f的值：");

double a=input.nextDouble();

double b=input.nextDouble();

double c=input.nextDouble();

double d=input.nextDouble();

double e=input.nextDouble();

double f=input.nextDouble();

LinearEquation object=new LinearEquation(a,b,c,d,e,f);

if(object.isSolvable())

System.out.println("X:"+object.getX()+" y:"+object.getY());

else

System.out.println("The equation has no solution.");

}

}

**9.12(几何：交点)

在上一题的基础上，我增加了两个数据域 g 和 h，两个方法：getG( )方法 和 getH( )方法，用来获得4个点的坐标

两点确定一条直线，点1(x1,y1)和点2(x2,y2)确定直线L1;

点3(x3,y3)和点4(x4,y4)确定直线L2;

利用(3.3题)的公式：

ax+by=e      cx+dy=f

解得

x=(ed-bf)/(ad-bc)           y=(af-ec)/(ad-bc)

其交点就是：(x，y)

若(ad-bc)=0,则说明这两条直线平行。

理解了以上公式，再带入(3.25题)的公式，即可求解。

在(3.25题)中，公式可这样理解：

a=(y1-y2)

b= -(x1-x2)

c=(y3-y4)

d= -(x3-x4)

e=(y1-y2)x1-(x1-x2)y1

f=(y3-y4)x3-(x3-x4)y3

package p9;

public class LinearEquation {

private double x1;

private double y1;

private double x2;

private double y2;

private double x3;

private double y3;

private double x4;

private double y4;

LinearEquation(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2, double x3, double y3, double x4, double y4) {

this.x1=x1;

this.y1=y1;

this.x2=x2;

this.y2=y2;

this.x3=x3;

this.y3=y3;

this.x4=x4;

this.y4=y4;

}

public double getX1() {

return x1;

}

public double getY1() {

return y1;

}

public double getX2() {

return x2;

}

public double getY2() {

return y2;

}

public double getX3() {

return x3;

}

public double getY3() {

return y3;

}

public double getX4() {

return x4;

}

public double getY4() {

return y4;

}

public boolean isSolvable() {

if(((y1-y2)*-(x3-x4))-(-(x1-x2)*(y3-y4)) != 0)

return true;

else

return false;

}

public double getX() {

double x=(((y1-y2)*x1-(x1-x2)*y1)*( -(x3-x4))-( -(x1-x2))*((y3-y4)*x3-(x3-x4)*y3))

/ (((y1-y2)*-(x3-x4))-(-(x1-x2)*(y3-y4))) ;

return x;

}

public double getY() {

double y=(((y1-y2))*((y3-y4)*x3-(x3-x4)*y3)-((y1-y2)*x1-(x1-x2)*y1)*((y3-y4)))

/ (((y1-y2)*-(x3-x4))-(-(x1-x2)*(y3-y4))) ;

return y;

}

}

package p9;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test12 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("请输入坐标：x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4的值：");

double x1=input.nextDouble();

double y1=input.nextDouble();

double x2=input.nextDouble();

double y2=input.nextDouble();

double x3=input.nextDouble();

double y3=input.nextDouble();

double x4=input.nextDouble();

double y4=input.nextDouble();

input.close();

//创建对象

LinearEquation object=new LinearEquation(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4);

if(object.isSolvable())

System.out.print("The intersecting point is at (" + object.getX() + ", " + object.getY() + ")");

else

System.out.print(" The two lines are parallel ");

}

}

**9.13(位置类 Location)

package p9;

public class Location {

public int row;

public int column;

public double maxValue;

public static String locateLargest(double[][] a) {

double maxValue=a[0][0];

int row=0;

int column=0;

for(int i=0; imaxValue) {

maxValue=a[i][j];

row=i;

column=j;

}

}

}

return "The location of the largest element is "

+maxValue+" at ("+row+", "+column+")";

}

}

package p9;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test13 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the number of rows and columns in the array:");

int rows=input.nextInt();

int columns=input.nextInt();

double[][] n=new double[rows][columns];

System.out.println("Enter the array");

for(int row=0; row