linux收集完整技术支持信息的命令有,Linux下常用的日志收集命令（Redhat&SuSe）

Linux下日志的采集和分析是一个非常重要的工作，一般厂商在你需要技术支持的时候，都需要你通过对应指令收集系统的信息，我这边列举下常用的两个Linux厂商的收集命令(Redhat Linux以及SuSe Linux)，便于收集后，对系统进行全面分析。

sosreport是一个类型于supportconfig 的工具，sosreport是python编写的一个工具，适用于centos(和redhat一样，包名为sos)。supportconfig由于是shell 语言编写的一个工具，对版本的依赖相对少些 ，但对一些工具的依赖相对多些(适用于SuSe Linux)。

在红帽系列下，收取日志支持信息(sosreport)

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.2 (Maipo)

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 ~]# yum -y install sos

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 ~]# sosreport

sosreport (version 3.2)

This command will collect diagnostic and configuration information from

this Red Hat Enterprise Linux system and installed applications.

An archive containing the collected information will be generated in

/var/tmp/sos.HbPFQB and may be provided to a Red Hat support

representative.

Any information provided to Red Hat will be treated in accordance with

the published support policies at:

https://access.redhat.com/support/

The generated archive may contain data considered sensitive and its

content should be reviewed by the originating organization before being

passed to any third party.

No changes will be made to system configuration.

Press ENTER to continue, or CTRL-C to quit.(1、默认情况下我们直接回车)

Please enter your first initial and last name [ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal]: (2、保持默认)

Please enter the case id that you are generating this report for []: (3、保持默认)

Setting up archive ...

Setting up plugins ...

Running plugins. Please wait ...

Running 73/73: yum...

Creating compressed archive...

Your sosreport has been generated and saved in:

/var/tmp/sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442.tar.xz(4、生成的文件所在的位置及文件名)

The checksum is: 6ff5127ef6e524cb68a2f60f06cd00d1

Please send this file to your support representative.

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 ~]# cd /var/tmp/

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 tmp]# tar xvJf sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442.tar.xz

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 tmp]# ls

sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442

sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442.tar.xz

sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442.tar.xz.md5

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 tmp]# cd sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442]# ls

boot       date  df         etc   hostname        ip_addr  last  lsmod  netstat  ps    route  sos_commands  sos_reports  uname   usr  version.txt

chkconfig  dev   dmidecode  free  installed-rpms  java     lib   mount  proc     root  run    sos_logs      sys          uptime  var

# 如上面命令可知，均是收集到的信息的信息

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442]# cat route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface

0.0.0.0         172.31.16.1     0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0

172.31.16.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.240.0   U     100    0        0 eth0

[root@ip-172-31-22-8 sosreport-ip-172-31-22-8.us-west-2.compute.internal-20160705094442]# cat uptime

09:44:47 up 13 days, 23:16,  1 user,  load average: 0.08, 0.04, 0.05

在SuSe下收集日志信息

DYDMSQAAP01:~ # supportconfig -A

=============================================================================

Support Utilities - Supportconfig

Script Version: 2.25-197

Script Date: 2010 04 02

=============================================================================

Gathering system information

Data Directory:    /var/log/nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851(生成的文件所在的目录)

Basic Server Health Check...                 Done

RPM Database...                              Done

Basic Environment...                         Done

Basic Health Report...                       Done

System Modules...                            Done

Memory Details...                            Done

Disk I/O...                                  Done

System Logs...                               Done

YaST Files...                                Done

Auditing...                                  Done

Crash Info...                                Done

NTP...                                       Done

PROC...                                      Done

Boot Files...                                Done

SLERT...                                     Skipped

Updates...                                   Done

SMT...                                       Skipped

Novell eDirectory...                         Please Wait... Skipped

Novell LUM...                                Skipped

Novell NCP...                                Skipped

Novell NSS...                                Skipped

Novell DFS...                                Skipped

Novell SMS...                                Skipped

Novell NCS...                                Skipped

Novell AFP...                                Skipped

Novell CIFS...                               Skipped

HA Cluster...                                Skipped

OCFS2...                                     Skipped

PAM...                                       Done

LDAP...                                      Done

CIMOM...                                     Done

Open Files...                                Done

Environment...                               Done

ETC...                                       Done

SYSCONFIG...                                 Done

SYSFS...                                     Done

System Daemons...                            Done

CRON...                                      Done

AT...                                        Done

UDEV...                                      Done

LVM...                                       Please Wait... Base Detail Done

EVMS...                                      Skipped

Software Raid...                             Done

Multipathing...                              Done

Networking...                                Done

Web...                                       Done

InfiniBand...                                Done

DNS...                                       Done

DHCP...                                      Done

SLP...                                       Please Wait... Services Done

SSH...                                       Done

iSCSI...                                     Done

Samba...                                     Done

NFS...                                       Done

AUTOFS...                                    Done

SAR Files...                                 Skipped

AppArmor...                                  Done

Xen...                                       Skipped

X...                                         Done

Printing...                                  Done

SMART Disks...                               Done

Hardware...                                  Please Wait... Done

File System List...                          Please Wait... Done

Supportability Analysis...                   Please Wait... Done

Creating Tar Ball

==[ DONE ]===================================================================

Log file tar ball: /var/log/nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tbz

Log file size:     6.1M

Log file md5sum:   795ead2be91d0caf956df417df47a3e8

Please attach the log file tar ball to your open Service Request at the

following URL:

https://secure-support.novell.com/eService_enu

You can also upload the tar ball to ftp.novell.com/incoming, or just use

supportconfig -ur , to upload the tar ball automatically.

If you cannot attach the tar ball to the SR, then email it to the engineer.

=============================================================================

DYDMSQAAP01:/var/log # file nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tbz

nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tbz: bzip2 compressed data, block size = 900k

DYDMSQAAP01:/var/log # bzip2 -d nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tbz

DYDMSQAAP01:/var/log # file nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tar

nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tar: POSIX tar archive (GNU)

DYDMSQAAP01:/var/log # tar -xf nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851.tar

DYDMSQAAP01:/var/log # cd nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851/

DYDMSQAAP01:/var/log/nts_DYDMSQAAP01_160706_0851 # ls -l

total 96300

-rw------- 1 root root     1734 Jul  6 08:52 basic-environment.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    21527 Jul  6 08:51 basic-health-check.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     1347 Jul  6 08:52 basic-health-report.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   261427 Jul  6 08:54 boot.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    31110 Jul  6 08:55 chkconfig.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     9767 Jul  6 08:54 cimom.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    16498 Jul  6 08:52 crash.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    38903 Jul  6 08:55 cron.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     7815 Jul  6 08:55 dhcp.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    10417 Jul  6 08:55 dns.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   230829 Jul  6 08:54 env.txt

-rw------- 1 root root  1102736 Jul  6 08:54 etc.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       81 Jul  6 08:55 evms.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     4010 Jul  6 08:55 fs-autofs.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     4282 Jul  6 08:52 fs-diskio.txt

-rw------- 1 root root 32670989 Jul  6 08:56 fs-files.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    12013 Jul  6 08:55 fs-iscsi.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     7814 Jul  6 08:55 fs-smartmon.txt

-rw------- 1 root root      572 Jul  6 08:55 fs-softraid.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       86 Jul  6 08:54 ha.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   734341 Jul  6 08:55 hardware.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    15000 Jul  6 08:55 ib.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    22657 Jul  6 08:54 ldap.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   216738 Jul  6 08:55 lvm.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    23718 Jul  6 08:52 memory.txt

-rw------- 1 root root  4476203 Jul  6 08:52 messages.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   440234 Jul  6 09:08 modules.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    21196 Jul  6 08:55 mpio.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   107521 Jul  6 08:55 network.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     3120 Jul  6 08:55 nfs.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       91 Jul  6 08:54 novell-afp.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       88 Jul  6 08:54 novell-cifs.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       87 Jul  6 08:54 novell-dfs.txt

-rw------- 1 root root      175 Jul  6 08:54 novell-edir.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       87 Jul  6 08:54 novell-lum.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       91 Jul  6 08:54 novell-ncp.txt

-rw------- 1 root root      100 Jul  6 08:54 novell-ncs.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       87 Jul  6 08:54 novell-nss.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       87 Jul  6 08:54 novell-sms.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   345825 Jul  6 08:52 ntp.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       88 Jul  6 08:54 ocfs2.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   919369 Jul  6 08:54 open-files.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    48449 Jul  6 08:54 pam.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    37464 Jul  6 08:55 print.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   123950 Jul  6 08:52 proc.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   347020 Jul  6 08:52 rpm.txt

-rw------- 1 root root 11372907 Jul  6 09:08 sam.html

-rw------- 1 root root 20565977 Jul  6 09:08 sam.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    20861 Jul  6 08:55 samba.txt

-rw------- 1 root root      115 Jul  6 08:55 sar.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   328932 Jul  6 08:55 security-apparmor.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   319217 Jul  6 08:52 security-audit.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       86 Jul  6 08:54 slert.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    19265 Jul  6 08:55 slp.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       80 Jul  6 08:54 smt.txt

-rw------- 1 root root     7749 Jul  6 08:55 ssh.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    13105 Jul  6 09:08 supportconfig.txt

-rw------- 1 root root  1350213 Jul  6 08:54 sysconfig.txt

-rw------- 1 root root  1054696 Jul  6 08:54 sysfs.txt

-rw------- 1 root root   204323 Jul  6 08:55 udev.txt

-rw------- 1 root root  6626599 Jul  6 08:54 updates.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    51104 Jul  6 08:55 web.txt

-rw------- 1 root root    62111 Jul  6 08:55 x.txt

-rw------- 1 root root       86 Jul  6 08:55 xen.txt

-rw------- 1 root root 14045856 Jul  6 08:52 y2log.txt

我们可以看出，相关的文件全部是txt文件，而且日志信息也是非常详细的。

注意事项：supportconfig -A，收集日志起来没有sosreport那么快，有可能会出现卡住的状态，耐心等待下，一般情况下，是没有问题的。

原创文章，作者：Net21-冰冻vs西瓜，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.178linux.com/22468