PathData in vector images android is Vector graphic program's script. It is not exactly clean and human readable code as a high priority. Brief idea about how pathData is build is given below:
In Script:
M or m (X,Y) Stand for MoveTo: Move cursor to position, uppercase M is absolute, lowercase m is relative
moveto commands are followed by X,Y coordinates.
L or l (X,Y) Stands for LineTo: Draws a line from the current position to the position specified by X,Y. Uppercase means absolute coordinates, lowercase means relative coordinates.
H or h (X) Stands for HorizontalLineTo: Draws a horizontal line from the current cursor position to the position specified by X. If there are multiple X coordinates following the command, this is treated as a polyline. The Y coordinate remains unchanged.
V or v (Y) Stands for VerticalLineTo: Draws a vertical line from the current cursor position to the position specified by Y. If there are multiple Y coordinates following the command, this is treated as a polyline. The X coordinate remains unchanged.
Z or z ClosePath: Draws a line from the current position of the cursor to the start position of the path. Does not have any parameters.
C (absolute) c (relative) for Curve to: Draws a cubic Bézier curve from the current point to (x,y) using (x1,y1) as the control point at the beginning of the curve and (x2,y2) as the control point at the end of the curve. C (uppercase) indicates that absolute coordinates will follow; c (lowercase) indicates that relative coordinates will follow. Multiple sets of coordinates may be specified to draw a polybézier. At the end of the command, the new current point becomes the final (x,y) coordinate pair used in the polybézier.
image of how to use C
S (absolute) s (relative) for shorthand/smooth Curve to: Draws a cubic Bézier curve from the current point to (x,y). The first control point is assumed to be the reflection of the second control point on the previous command relative to the current point. (If there is no previous command or if the previous command was not an C, c, S or s, assume the first control point is coincident with the current point.) (x2,y2) is the second control point (i.e., the control point at the end of the curve). S (uppercase) indicates that absolute coordinates will follow; s (lowercase) indicates that relative coordinates will follow. Multiple sets of coordinates may be specified to draw a polybézier. At the end of the command, the new current point becomes the final (x,y) coordinate pair used in the polybézier.
Here is a good refer too.
link