for while循环语句举例python_python 表达式和语句及for、while循环练习实例

Python中表达式和语句及for、while循环练习

1)表达式

常用的表达式操作符：

x + y, x - y

x * y, x / y, x // y, x % y

逻辑运算：

x or y, x and y, not x

成员关系运算：

x in y, x not in y

对象实例测试：

x is y, x not is y

比较运算：

x < y, x > y, x <= y, x >= y, x == y, x != y

位运算：

x | y, x & y, x ^ y, x << y, x >> y

一元运算：

-x, +x, ~x:

幂运算：

x ** y

索引和分片：

x[i], x[i:j], x[i:j:stride]

调用：

x(...)

取属性：

x.attribute

元组：(...)

序列：[...]

字典：{...}

三元选择表达式：x if y else z

匿名函数：lambda args: expression

生成器函数发送协议：yield x

运算优先级：

(...), [...], {...}

s[i], s[i:j]

s.attribute

s(...)

+x, -x, ~x

x ** y

*, /, //, %

+, -

<>

&

^

|

, >=, ==, !=

is, not is

in, not in

not

and

or

lambda

2)语句：

赋值语句

调用

print： 打印对象

if/elif/else: 条件判断

for/else: 序列迭代

while/else: 普通循环

pass: 占位符

break:

continue

def

return

yield

global: 命名空间

raise: 触发异常

import:

from: 模块属性访问

class: 类

try/except/finally: 捕捉异常

del: 删除引用

assert: 调试检查

with/as: 环境管理器

赋值语句：

隐式赋值：import, from, def, class, for, 函数参数

元组和列表分解赋值：当赋值符号(=)的左侧为元组或列表时，Python会按照位置把右边的对象和左边的目标自左而右逐一进行配对儿；个数不同时会触发异常，此时可以切片的方式进行；

多重目标赋值

增强赋值: +=, -=, *=, /=, //=, %=,

3)for循环练习

练习1：逐一分开显示指定字典d1中的所有元素，类似如下

k1 v1

k2 v2

...

>>> d1 = { 'x':1,'y':2,'z':3,'m':4 }

>>> for (k,v) in d1.items():

print k,v

y 2

x 1

z 3

m 4

练习2：逐一显示列表中l1=["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"]中的索引为奇数的元素；

>>> l1 = ["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"]

>>> for i in range(1,len(l1),2):

print l1[i]

Mon

Wed

Fri

练习3：将属于列表l1=["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"]，但不属于列表l2=["Sun","Mon","Tue","Thu","Sat"]的所有元素定义为一个新列表l3;

>>> l1 = ["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"]

>>> l2 = ["Sun","Mon","Tue","Thu","Sat"]

>>> l3 = [ ]

>>> for i in l1:

if i not in l2:

l3.append(i)

>>> l3

['Wed', 'Fri']

练习4：已知列表namelist=['stu1','stu2','stu3','stu4','stu5','stu6','stu7']，删除列表removelist=['stu3', 'stu7', 'stu9']；请将属于removelist列表中的每个元素从namelist中移除(属于removelist，但不属于namelist的忽略即可)；

>>> namelist= ['stu1','stu2','stu3','stu4','stu5','stu6','stu7']

>>> removelist = ['stu3', 'stu7', 'stu9']

>>> for i in namelist:

if i in removelist :

namelist.remove(i)

>>> namelist

['stu1', 'stu2', 'stu4', 'stu5', 'stu6']

4)while循环练习

练习1：逐一显示指定列表中的所有元素；

>>> l1 = [1,2,3,4,5]

>>> i = 0

>>> while i < len(l1)

print l1[i]

i += 1

1

2

3

4

5

>>> l1 = [1,2,3,4,5]

>>> while l1:

print l1.pop(0)

1

2

3

4

5

练习2：求100以内所有偶数之和；

>>> i = 0

>>> sum = 0

>>> while i < 101:

sum += i

i += 2

print sum

2550

>>> for i in range(0,101,2):

sum+=i

print sum

2550

练习3：逐一显示指定字典的所有键；并于显示结束后说明总键数；

>>> d1 = {'x':1, 'y':23, 'z': 78}

>>> i1 = d1.keys()

>>> while i1:

print i1.pop(0)

else:

print len(d1)

x

y

z

3

练习4：创建一个包含了100以内所有奇数的列表；

>>> d1 = [ ]

>>> i = 1

>>> while i < 101:

d1.append(i)

i+=2

>>> print d1

[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99]

>>> d1 = [ ]

>>> for i in range(1,101,2)

d1.append(i)

>>> print d1

[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99]

练习5：列表l1=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6], 列表l2=["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"]，以第一个列表中的元素为键，以第二个列表中的元素为值生成字典d1；

>>> l1 = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6]

>>> l2 = ["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"]

>>> d1 = {}

>>> count = 0

>>> if len(l1) == len(l2):

while count < len(l1):

d1[l1[count]] = l2[count]

count += 1

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