python cls方法_python – cls()函数在类方法中做了什么？

对于classmethods,第一个参数是调用类方法的类,而不是通常的self for instance方法(除非另有说明,否则隐式地使用类中的所有方法).

这是一个例子 – 为了练习,我添加了一个检查cls参数标识的异常.

class Base(object):

@classmethod

def acquire(cls, param):

if cls is Base:

raise Exception("Must be called via subclass :(")

return "this is the result of `acquire`ing a %r with %r" % (cls, param)

class Something(Base):

pass

class AnotherThing(Base):

pass

print Something.acquire("example")

print AnotherThing.acquire("another example")

print Base.acquire("this will crash")

this is the result of `acquire`ing a with 'example'

this is the result of `acquire`ing a with 'another example'

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "classmethod.py", line 16, in

print Base.acquire("this will crash")

File "classmethod.py", line 5, in acquire

raise Exception("Must be called via subclass :(")

Exception: Must be called via subclass :(