前锋linux架构班,Linux核心数据结构

本章列出了Linux实用的主要数据结构。

block_dev_struct

此结构用于向核心登记块设备，它还被buffer

cache实用。所有此类结构都位于blk_dev数组中。

struct blk_dev_struct {

void (*request_fn)(void);

struct request * current_request;

struct request plug;

struct tq_struct plug_tq;

};

buffer_head

此结构包含关于buffer cache中一块缓存的信息。

/* bh state bits */

#define BH_Uptodate 0 /* 1 if the buffer contains valid data

*/

#define BH_Dirty 1 /* 1 if the buffer is dirty */

#define BH_Lock 2 /* 1 if the buffer is locked */

#define BH_Req 3 /* 0 if the buffer has been invalidated

*/

#define BH_Touched 4 /* 1 if the buffer has been touched

(aging) */

#define BH_Has_aged 5 /* 1 if the buffer has been aged (aging)

*/

#define BH_Protected 6 /* 1 if the buffer is protected */

#define BH_FreeOnIO 7 /* 1 to discard the buffer_head after IO

*/

struct buffer_head {

/* First cache line: */

unsigned long b_blocknr; /* block number */

kdev_t b_dev; /* device (B_FREE = free) */

kdev_t b_rdev; /* Real device */

unsigned long b_rsector; /* Real buffer location on disk

*/

struct buffer_head *b_next; /* Hash queue list */

struct buffer_head *b_this_page; /* circular list of buffers in

one

page */

/* Second cache line: */

unsigned long b_state; /* buffer state bitmap (above) */

struct buffer_head *b_next_free;

unsigned int b_count; /* users using this block */

unsigned long b_size; /* block size */

/* Non-performance-critical data follows. */

char *b_data; /* pointer to data block */

unsigned int b_list; /* List that this buffer appears */

unsigned long b_flushtime; /* Time when this (dirty)

buffer

* should be written */

unsigned long b_lru_time; /* Time when this buffer was

* last used. */

struct wait_queue *b_wait;

struct buffer_head *b_prev; /* doubly linked hash list */

struct buffer_head *b_prev_free; /* doubly linked list of

buffers */

struct buffer_head *b_reqnext; /* request queue */

};

device

系统中每个网络设备都用一个设备数据结构来表示。

struct device

{

/*

* This is the first field of the visible part of this

structure

* (i.e. as seen by users in the Space.c file). It is the

name

* the interface.

*/

char *name;

/* I/O specific fields */

unsigned long rmem_end; /* shmem recv end */

unsigned long rmem_start; /* shmem recv start */

unsigned long mem_end; /* shared mem end */

unsigned long mem_start; /* shared mem start */

unsigned long base_addr; /* device I/O address */

unsigned char irq; /* device IRQ number */

/* Low-level status flags. */

volatile unsigned char start, /* start an operation */

interrupt; /* interrupt arrived */

unsigned long tbusy; /* transmitter busy */

struct device *next;

/* The device initialization function. Called only once.

*/

int (*init)(struct device *dev);

/* Some hardware also needs these fields, but they are not part

of

the usual set specified in Space.c. */

unsigned char if_port; /* Selectable AUI,TP, */

unsigned char dma; /* DMA channel */

struct enet_statistics* (*get_stats)(struct device *dev);

/*

* This marks the end of the visible part of the structure.

All

* fields hereafter are internal to the system, and may change

at

* will (read: may be cleaned up at will).

*/

/* These may be needed for future network-power-down code.

*/

unsigned long trans_start; /* Time (jiffies) of last transmit

*/

unsigned long last_rx; /* Time of last Rx */

unsigned short flags; /* interface flags (BSD)*/

unsigned short family; /* address family ID */

unsigned short metric; /* routing metric */

unsigned short mtu; /* MTU value */

unsigned short type; /* hardware type */

unsigned short hard_header_len; /* hardware hdr len */

void *priv; /* private data */

/* Interface address info. */

unsigned char broadcast[MAX_ADDR_LEN];

unsigned char pad;

unsigned char dev_addr[MAX_ADDR_LEN];

unsigned char addr_len; /* hardware addr len */

unsigned long pa_addr; /* protocol address */

unsigned long pa_brdaddr; /* protocol broadcast addr*/

unsigned long pa_dstaddr; /* protocol P-P other addr*/

unsigned long pa_mask; /* protocol netmask */

unsigned short pa_alen; /* protocol address len */

struct dev_mc_list *mc_list; /* M'cast mac addrs */

int mc_count; /* No installed mcasts */

struct ip_mc_list *ip_mc_list; /* IP m'cast filter chain

*/

__u32 tx_queue_len; /* Max frames per queue */

/* For load balancing driver pair support */

unsigned long pkt_queue; /* Packets queued */

struct device *slave; /* Slave device */

struct net_alias_info *alias_info; /* main dev alias info

*/

struct net_alias *my_alias; /* alias devs */

/* Pointer to the interface buffers. */

struct sk_buff_head buffs[DEV_NUMBUFFS];

/* Pointers to interface service routines. */

int (*open)(struct device *dev);

int (*stop)(struct device *dev);

int (*hard_start_xmit) (struct sk_buff *skb,

struct device *dev);

int (*hard_header) (struct sk_buff *skb,

struct device *dev,

unsigned short type,

void *daddr,

void *saddr,

unsigned len);

int (*rebuild_header)(void *eth,

struct device *dev,

unsigned long raddr,

struct sk_buff *skb);

void (*set_multicast_list)(struct device *dev);

int (*set_mac_address)(struct device *dev,

void *addr);

int (*do_ioctl)(struct device *dev,

struct ifreq *ifr,

int cmd);

int (*set_config)(struct device *dev,

struct ifmap *map);

void (*header_cache_bind)(struct hh_cache **hhp,

struct device *dev,

unsigned short htype,

__u32 daddr);

void (*header_cache_update)(struct hh_cache *hh,

struct device *dev,

unsigned char * haddr);

int (*change_mtu)(struct device *dev,

int new_mtu);

struct iw_statistics* (*get_wireless_stats)(struct device

*dev);

};

device_struct

此结构被块设备和字符设备用来向核心登记(包含设备名称以及可对此设备进行的文件操作)。chrdevs和blkdevs中的每个有效分别表示一个字符设备和块设备。

struct device_struct {

const char * name;

struct file_operations * fops;

};

file

每个打开的文件、套接口都用此结构表示。

struct file {

mode_t f_mode;

loff_t f_pos;

unsigned short f_flags;

unsigned short f_count;

unsigned long f_reada, f_ramax, f_raend, f_ralen,

f_rawin;

struct file *f_next, *f_prev;

int f_owner; /* pid or -pgrp where SIGIO should be sent

*/

struct inode * f_inode;

struct file_operations * f_op;

unsigned long f_version;

void *private_data; /* needed for tty driver, and maybe others

*/

};

files_struct

描叙被某进程打开的所有文件。

struct files_struct {

int count;

fd_set close_on_exec;

fd_set open_fds;

struct file * fd[NR_OPEN];

};

fs_struct

struct fs_struct {

int count;

unsigned short umask;

struct inode * root, * pwd;

};

gendisk

包含关于某个硬盘的信息。用于磁盘初始化与分区检查时。

struct hd_struct {

long start_sect;

long nr_sects;

};

struct gendisk {

int major; /* major number of driver */

const char *major_name; /* name of major driver */

int minor_shift; /* number of times minor is shifted to get

real minor */

int max_p; /* maximum partitions per device */

int max_nr; /* maximum number of real devices */

void (*init)(struct gendisk *);

/* Initialization called before we do our thing */

struct hd_struct *part; /* partition table */

int *sizes; /* device size in blocks, copied to blk_size[]

*/

int nr_real; /* number of real devices */

void *real_devices; /* internal use */

struct gendisk *next;

};

inode

此VFS inode结构描叙磁盘上一个文件或目录的信息。

struct inode {

kdev_t i_dev;

unsigned long i_ino;

umode_t i_mode;

nlink_t i_nlink;

uid_t i_uid;

gid_t i_gid;

kdev_t i_rdev;

off_t i_size;

time_t i_atime;

time_t i_mtime;

time_t i_ctime;

unsigned long i_blksize;

unsigned long i_blocks;

unsigned long i_version;

unsigned long i_nrpages;

struct semaphore i_sem;

struct inode_operations *i_op;

struct super_block *i_sb;

struct wait_queue *i_wait;

struct file_lock *i_flock;

struct vm_area_struct *i_mmap;

struct page *i_pages;

struct dquot *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];

struct inode *i_next, *i_prev;

struct inode *i_hash_next, *i_hash_prev;

struct inode *i_bound_to, *i_bound_by;

struct inode *i_mount;

unsigned short i_count;

unsigned short i_flags;

unsigned char i_lock;

unsigned char i_dirt;

unsigned char i_pipe;

unsigned char i_sock;

unsigned char i_seek;

unsigned char i_update;

unsigned short i_writecount;

union {

struct pipe_inode_info pipe_i;

struct minix_inode_info minix_i;

struct ext_inode_info ext_i;

struct ext2_inode_info ext2_i;

struct hpfs_inode_info hpfs_i;

struct msdos_inode_info msdos_i;

struct umsdos_inode_info umsdos_i;

struct iso_inode_info isofs_i;

struct nfs_inode_info nfs_i;

struct xiafs_inode_info xiafs_i;

struct sysv_inode_info sysv_i;

struct affs_inode_info affs_i;

struct ufs_inode_info ufs_i;

struct socket socket_i;

void *generic_ip;

} u;

};

ipc_perm

此结构描叙对一个系统V IPC对象的存取权限。

struct ipc_perm

{

key_t key;

ushort uid; /* owner euid and egid */

ushort gid;

ushort cuid; /* creator euid and egid */

ushort cgid;

ushort mode; /* access modes see mode flags below */

ushort seq; /* sequence number */

};

irqaction

用来描叙系统的中断处理过程。

struct irqaction {

void (*handler)(int, void *, struct pt_regs *);

unsigned long flags;

unsigned long mask;

const char *name;

void *dev_id;

struct irqaction *next;

};

linux_binfmt

用来表示可被Linux理解的二进