java 字符流_Java 字符流

Reader

用于读取字符流的抽象类。

InputStreamReader

是字节流通向字符流的桥梁：它使用指定的 charset 读取字节并将其解码为字符

FileReader

用来读取字符文件的便捷类

BufferedReader

从字符输入流中读取文本，缓冲各个字符，从而提供字符、数组和行的高效读取。

Writer

写入字符流的抽象类

OutputStreamWriter

是字符流通向字节流的桥梁：使用指定的 charset 将要向其写入的字符编码为字节

FileWriter

用来写入字符文件的便捷类

BufferedWriter

将文本写入字符输出流，缓冲各个字符，从而提供单个字符、数组和字符串的高效写入

1.字符流复制数据字节

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//数据源

FileReader fReader = new FileReader("a.txt");

//目的地

FileWriter fWriter = new FileWriter("b.txt");

int by = 0;

while((by=fReader.read())!=-1){

fWriter.write(by);

}

fReader.close();

fWriter.close();

}

2.字符数组

public class copy4 {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//数据源

FileReader fReader = new FileReader("a.txt");

//目的地

FileWriter fWriter = new FileWriter("b.txt");

char[] chs = new char[1024];

int len = 0;

while((len = fReader.read(chs))!=-1){

fWriter.write(chs,0,len);

fWriter.flush();

}

fReader.close();

fWriter.close();

}

}

3.字符缓冲数组

public class copy5 {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//数据源

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("a.txt"));

//目的地

BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("b.txt"));

char[] chs = new char[1024];

int len = 0;

while((len = br.read(chs))!=-1){

bw.write(chs,0,len);

bw.flush();

}

//释放资源

br.close();

bw.close();

}

}

4.字符缓冲流

newLine();换行方法

readLine()方法到末尾返回null

String line = null;

while((line=br.readLine())！=null){

System.out.println(line);

}

5.字符流

public class copy6 {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

//数据源

String srcStr1= "a.txt";

//目的地

String srcStr2= "b.txt";

mathod(srcStr1,srcStr2);

}

private static void mathod(String srcStr1, String srcStr2) throws IOException {

BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new FileReader(srcStr1));

BufferedWriter bw= new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(srcStr2));

String line = null;

while((line=br.readLine())!=null){

bw.write(line);

bw.newLine();

bw.flush();

}

bw.close();

br.close();

}

6.字符流与集合数组

public class ArrayListToFile {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//数据源

ArrayList array = new ArrayList();

//添加数据

array.add("hello");

array.add("word");

array.add("java");

//目的地

BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("a.txt"));

for (String string : array) {

bw.write(string);

bw.newLine();

bw.flush();

}

//释放资源

bw.close();

}

7.学生类

1.创建学生类

2.创建排序集合TreeSet

3.创建键盘输入

4.添加进学生类

5.添加进集合

6.创建输出流

7.写入文本

public class SortInfo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//创建排序集合

TreeSet ts = new TreeSet(new Comparator() {

@Override

public int compare(Student s1, Student s2) {

int sum = s2.sum()-s1.sum();

int sum1 = sum == 0 ? s2.getChinese()-s1.getChinese():sum;

int sum2 = sum1 == 0 ?s2.getMath()-s1.getMath():sum1;

int sum3 = sum2 == 0 ?s2.getName().compareTo(s1.getName()):sum2;

return sum3;

}

});

//创建键盘输入

for(int i =0 ;i< 5 ;i++){

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("请输入第"+(i+1)+"次得学生信息");

System.out.println("学生姓名：");

String name = input.nextLine();

System.out.println("语文成绩：");

int chinese = input.nextInt();

System.out.println("数学成绩：");

int math = input.nextInt();

System.out.println("英语成绩：");

int english = input.nextInt();

//创建学生对象

Student student = new Student();

student.setMath(math);

student.setChinese(chinese);

student.setEnglish(english);

student.setName(name);

//添加进入集合

ts.add(student);

}

//创建输出流

BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("a.txt"));

bw.write("学生信息如下：");

bw.newLine();

bw.flush();

bw.write("姓名，语文，数学，英语");

bw.newLine();

bw.flush();

for (Student stu : ts) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append(stu.getName()).append(",").append(stu.getChinese()).append(",")

.append(stu.getMath()).append(",").append(stu.getEnglish());

bw.write(sb.toString());

bw.newLine();

bw.flush();

}

//释放资源

bw.close();

}

}

8.将文本中的字符排序后加入到另一个文本中

/**

1.已知s.txt文件中有一个字符串“ndjdnsnakdapiiisnjvmsdsiajdsailn”;

2.读取文件的内容，存储到字符串中

3.把字符串转化为字符数组

4.对字符数组进行排序

5.把字符数组转化为字符串

6.通过字符输出流把字符串输出到ss.txt

*/

public class StringArray {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//封装路径

File srcFolder = new File("H:\\s.txt");

File destFolder = new File("H:\\ss.txt");

//字符读取流

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(srcFolder));

//读取字符串

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

String line = null;

while((line = br.readLine())!=null){

sb.append(line);

}

//字符串转化为字符数组

char[] arrays = sb.toString().toCharArray();

//将字符数组进行排序

Arrays.sort(arrays);

//将字符数组转化为字符串

String str = String.valueOf(arrays);

System.out.println(str);

//建立输出流输出

BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(destFolder));

bw.write(str);

bw.flush();

bw.close();

}

}

9.使用PrintWriter进行输出操作

public class PrintWriteDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//数据源

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("ByteArrayStreamDemo.java"));

//目的地

PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("a.java"),true);

String line = null;

while((line = br.readLine())!=null){

pw.println(line);

}

//释放资源

pw.close();

br.close();

}

}