在运行shell脚本时候,有三种方式来调用外部的脚本,exec(exec script.sh)、source(source script.sh)、fork(./script.sh)
exec(exec /home/script.sh):
使用exec来调用脚本相当于在当前shell执行了一条命令,不会产生新的进程,被执行的脚本会继承当前shell的环境变量。但是当exec调用完毕后,当前shell也会结束,剩下的代码不会执行。
source(source /home/script.sh)
使用source或者“.”来调用外部脚本,同样不会产生新的进程,与exec类似,继承当前shell环境变量,而且被调用的脚本运行结束后,它拥有的环境变量和声明变量会被当前shell保留。
fork(/home/script.sh)
直接运行脚本,会产生新的进程,并且继承主脚本的环境变量和声明变量。执行完毕后,主脚本不会保留其环境变量和声明变量。
主脚本:1 #!/bin/sh
2 a=fork
3
4 echo "a is $a"
5 echo "PID for parent before 2.sh:$$"
6 case $1 in
7 exec)
8 echo "using exec"
9 exec ./2.sh ;;
10 source)
11 echo "using sourcing"
12 source ./2.sh ;;
13 *)
14 echo "using fork"
15 ./2.sh ;;
16
17 esac
18
19 echo "PID FOR parent after 2.sh :$$"
20
21 echo "now main.sh a is $a"
22 echo "$b"
调用脚本:2.sh1 #!/bin/sh
2 echo "PID FOR 2.SH:$$"
3
4 echo "2.sh get a from main.sh is $a"
5
6 a=2.sh
7 export a
8 b=3.sh
9
10 echo "now 2.sh a is $a"
~
~
执行结果:[[email protected] home]# ./main.sh exec
a is main
PID for parent before 2.sh:19026
using exec
PID FOR 2.SH:19026
2.sh get a from main.sh is main
now a is 2.sh
[[email protected] home]# ./main.sh source
a is main
PID for parent before 2.sh:19027
using sourcing
PID FOR 2.SH:19027
2.sh get a from main.sh is main
now a is 2.sh
PID FOR parent after 2.sh :19027
now main.sh a is 2.sh
3.sh
[[email protected] home]# ./main.sh fork
a is main
PID for parent before 2.sh:19028
using fork
PID FOR 2.SH:19029
2.sh get a from main.sh is main
now a is 2.sh
PID FOR parent after 2.sh :19028
now main.sh a is main
[[email protected] home]#
原文:http://qujunorz.blog.51cto.com/6378776/1541676