linux下建立数据库,Linux下手动创建数据库（二）

1 首先ORACLE_SID问题

[oracle@paopao ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

orcl

因为要创建的数据库名为orcl1，所以更改ORACLE_SID如下：

[oracle@paopao ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

2 准备初始化参数文件

##########################################################################

####

# Copyright (c) 1991, 2001, 2002 by Oracle Corporation

##########################################################################

####

###########################################

# Cache and I/O

###########################################

db_block_size=8192

db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

###########################################

# Cursors and Library Cache

###########################################

open_cursors=300

###########################################

# Database Identification

###########################################

db_domain=""

db_name=orcl1

###########################################

# Diagnostics and Statistics

###########################################

background_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/b

dump

core_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/cdump

user_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/udump

###########################################

# File Configuration

###########################################

control_files=

("/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control01.ctl",

"/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control02.ctl",

"/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control03.ctl")

###########################################

# Job Queues

###########################################

job_queue_processes=10

###########################################

# Miscellaneous

###########################################

compatible=10.2.0.1.0

###########################################

# Processes and Sessions

###########################################

processes=150

###########################################

# SGA Memory

###########################################

sga_target=285212672

###########################################

# Security and Auditing

###########################################

audit_file_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/adump

remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE

###########################################

# Shared Server

###########################################

dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl1XDB)"

###########################################

# Sort, Hash Joins, Bitmap Indexes

###########################################

pga_aggregate_target=94371840

###########################################

# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments

###########################################

undo_management=AUTO

undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1

3 准备建库脚本

CREATE DATABASE orcl1

USER sys IDENTIFIED BY admin

USER system IDENTIFIED BY manager

maxinstances 1

maxloghistory 1

maxlogfiles 5

maxlogmembers 5

DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/system01.dbf'

size 400M REUSE

SYSAUX DATAFILE

'/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/sysaux01.dbf' size 400M

REUSE

DEFAULT TEMPORARY tablespace temp01

TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/temp01.dbf'

size 100M REUSE

UNDO TABLESPACE "undotbs1"

DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/undotbs01.dbf'

size 200M REUSE

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/users01.dbf'

size 100M REUSE

CONTROLFILE REUSE

LOGFILE group 1

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo01.log') size 10M

REUSE,

group 2

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo02.log') size 10M

REUSE,

group 3

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo03.log') size 10M

REUSE;

4 创建必要的目录

[oracle@paopao ~]$ mkdir -pv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/orcl1{adump,bdump,cdump,dpbump,udump,pfile}

更改它们的权限

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chmod 775 -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/

更改他们的所属主组

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chown oracle:oinstall -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/

[oracle@paopao ~]$  mkdir /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

[oracle@paopao ~]$  mkdir /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/arch -pv

[oracle@paopao ~]$  chmod 775 -Rv  /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

[oracle@paopao ~]$  chown oracle:oinstall -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

5  [oracle@paopao ~]$ /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun May 16 04:10:12 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn sys/admin as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>  startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/pfileorcl1.ora';

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes

Variable Size              92276304 bytes

Database Buffers          188743680 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

6 执行上面的脚本创建数据库

SQL>  @/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/createdb.sql

Database created.

7 以下两个命令将创建数据字典

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

8 创建spfile

SQL> create spfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/spfileorcl1.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/pfileorcl1.ora'

9 把数据库打开到正常状态

SQL>alter database mount;

SQL>alter database open;