java 注解api_JAVA的注解(Annotations)

一、哪里可以使用注解

可以使用在类、域变量(对象属性变量)、方法、其他程序元素的申明，按照惯例写在申明行的上面，如：

@Override

void mySuperMethod() { ... }

@Author(name = "Jane Doe")

@Author(name = "John Smith")

class MyClass { ... }

二、申明一个注解类型(可以理解为注入类体的一种元数据)

语法如下：

@interface ClassPreamble {

String author();

String date();

int currentRevision() default 1;

String lastModified() default "N/A";

String[] reviewers();

}

定义之后，可以这样使用：

@ClassPreamble (

author = "John Doe",

date = "3/17/2002",

currentRevision = 6,

lastModified = "4/12/2004",

reviewers = {"Alice", "Bob", "Cindy"}

)

public class Generation3List extends Generation2List {...}

三、预定义注解(API提供的注解)

java.lang包中(系Java编译)： @Deprecated, @Override, and @SuppressWarnings;

@SafeVarargs:抑制不定长参数的安全性检测告警

@FunctionalInterface:函数式接口

java.lang.annotation包中(元注解-定义注解使用):

@Retention 将标记的注解存在哪

RetentionPolicy.SOURCE – The marked annotation is retained only in the source level and is ignored by the compiler.

RetentionPolicy.CLASS – The marked annotation is retained by the compiler at compile time, but is ignored by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME – The marked annotation is retained by the JVM so it can be used by the runtime environment.