MySQL打卡练习-4

MySQL打卡练习-4

练习一：各部门前3高工资的员工（难度：中等）

问题描述

将练习一中的 employee 表清空，重新插入以下数据（也可以复制练习一中的 employee 表，再插入第5、第6行数据）：

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
| 5  | Janet | 69000  | 1            |
| 6  | Randy | 85000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如，根据上述给定的表格，查询结果应返回：

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| IT         | Randy    | 85000  |
| IT         | Joe      | 70000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
| Sales      | Sam      | 60000  |
+------------+----------+--------+

此外，请考虑实现各部门前N高工资的员工功能。

解题答案

创建数据

INSERT INTO Employee
VALUES (1, "joe", 70000, 1),
       (2, "Henry", 80000, 2),
       (3, "Sam", 60000, 2),
       (4, "Max", 90000, 1),
       (5, "Janet", 69000, 1),
       (6, "Randy", 85000, 1);

SELECT *
FROM Employee;

代码

SELECT Name, Department, salary
FROM (
         SELECT salary,
                E.Name                                                               as "Name",
                D.Name                                                               as "Department",
                DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY Department_ID ORDER BY salary DESC ) as "ranking"
         FROM Employee as E
                  LEFT JOIN Department as D
                            ON E.Department_ID = D.Id
     ) as sub
WHERE ranking <= 3
;

练习二：平面上最近距离 (难度: 困难）

问题描述

point_2d表包含一个平面内一些点（超过两个）的坐标值（x，y）。

写一条查询语句求出这些点中的最短距离并保留2位小数。

|x   | y  |
|----|----|
| -1 | -1 |
|  0 |  0 |
| -1 | -2 |

最短距离是1，从点（-1，-1）到点（-1，-2）。所以输出结果为：

| shortest |

1.00

+--------+
|shortest|
+--------+
|1.00    |
+--------+

**注意：**所有点的最大距离小于10000。

解题答案

创建数据

CREATE TABLE point_2d
(
    x int,
    y int
);

INSERT INTO point_2d
VALUES (-1, -1),
       (0, 0),
       (-1, -2);

代码

# 计算距离，笛卡尔链接
SELECT ROUND(min(SQRT(POW(p1.x - p2.x, 2) + POW((p1.y - p2.y), 2))), 2) as "shortest"
FROM point_2d as p1
         CROSS JOIN point_2d as p2
WHERE p1.x < p2.x
   or p1.y < p2.y;

练习三：行程和用户（难度：困难）

问题描述

Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id，Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型，枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。

Id	Client_Id	Driver_Id	City_Id	Status	Request_at
1	1	10	1	completed	2013-10-1
2	2	11	1	cancelled_by_driver	2013-10-1
3	3	12	6	completed	2013-10-1
4	4	13	6	cancelled_by_client	2013-10-1
5	1	10	1	completed	2013-10-2
6	2	11	6	completed	2013-10-2
7	3	12	6	completed	2013-10-2
8	2	12	12	completed	2013-10-3
9	3	10	12	completed	2013-10-3
10	4	13	12	cancelled_by_driver	2013-10-3

Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止，Role 则是一个表示（‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’）的枚举类型。

+----------+--------+--------+
| Users_Id | Banned |  Role  |
+----------+--------+--------+
|    1     |   No   | client |
|    2     |   Yes  | client |
|    3     |   No   | client |
|    4     |   No   | client |
|    10    |   No   | driver |
|    11    |   No   | driver |
|    12    |   No   | driver |
|    13    |   No   | driver |
+----------+--------+--------+

写一段 SQL 语句查出2013年10月1日至2013年10月3日期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表，你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果，取消率（Cancellation Rate）保留两位小数。

+------------+-------------------+
|     Day    | Cancellation Rate |
+------------+-------------------+
| 2013-10-01 |       0.33        |
| 2013-10-02 |       0.00        |
| 2013-10-03 |       0.50        |
+------------+-------------------+

解题答案

创建数据

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Trips
(
    Id         INT,
    Client_Id  INT,
    Driver_Id  INT,
    City_Id    INT,
    Status     ENUM ("completed","cancelled_by_driver", "cancelled_by_client"),
    Request_at DATE
);
TRUNCATE Trips;
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('1', '1', '10', '1', 'completed', '2013-10-01');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('2', '2', '11', '1', 'cancelled_by_driver', '2013-10-01');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('3', '3', '12', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-01');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('4', '4', '13', '6', 'cancelled_by_client', '2013-10-01');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('5', '1', '10', '1', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('6', '2', '11', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('7', '3', '12', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('8', '2', '12', '12', 'completed', '2013-10-03');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('9', '3', '10', '12', 'completed', '2013-10-03');
insert into Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at)
values ('10', '4', '13', '12', 'cancelled_by_driver', '2013-10-03');

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Users
(
    Users_Id INT,
    Banned   VARCHAR(10),
    Role     ENUM ("client", "driver", "parter")
);

insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('1', 'No', 'client');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('2', 'Yes', 'client');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('3', 'No', 'client');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('4', 'No', 'client');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('10', 'No', 'driver');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('11', 'No', 'driver');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('12', 'No', 'driver');
insert into Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role)
values ('13', 'No', 'driver');

代码

# Setp1:连接表
SELECT *
FROM Trips as t
LEFT JOIN Users as u
ON u.Users_Id = t.Client_Id
WHERE Banned != "Yes" AND Request_at BETWEEN 20131001 AND 20131003;

# step2:构建每天的统计量
SELECT Request_at AS "Day", AVG(Status != "completed") as 'Cancellation Rate'
FROM Trips as t
LEFT JOIN Users as u
ON u.Users_Id = t.Client_Id
WHERE Banned != "Yes" AND Request_at BETWEEN 20131001 AND 20131003
GROUP BY Request_at
ORDER BY Request_at;