问题描述
SQL Server数据库中,有时候当我们使用INSERT INTO语句写入数据后,需要返回写入数据对应的自增ID或者GUID,以便根据此记录进行后续的操作。那么SQL语句如何实现返回记录值的操作呢?
示例数据表结构:
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Customer](
[Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[CustomerGuid] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
[LoginName] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[DisplayName] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Customer] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[Id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Customer] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_Customer_CustomerGuid] DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [CustomerGuid]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Customer] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_Customer_LoginName] DEFAULT ('') FOR [LoginName]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Customer] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_Customer_DisplayName] DEFAULT ('') FOR [DisplayName]
GO
方案一
使用语句INSERT INTO TABLE (COLUMNS) OUTPUT INSERTED.COLUMN_NAME VALUES (VALUES)语法结构可在写入数据后返回对应的字段值,比如这里我们需要返回数据表Customer的自增字段Id,则可以如下:
INSERT INTO Customer (LoginName,DisplayName) OUTPUT inserted.Id VALUES ('rector','Rector');
此语句不仅可以返回自增字段Id的值,还可以返回非自增的标识字段的值,比如数据表Customer的CustomerGuid字段,同样适用,如下:
INSERT INTO Customer (LoginName,DisplayName) OUTPUT inserted.CustomerGuid VALUES ('rector','Rector');
方案二
使用SCOPE_IDENTITY()函数返回标识字段的新值,如下:
INSERT INTO Customer (LoginName,DisplayName) OUTPUT inserted.CustomerGuid VALUES ('rector','Rector');
SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY();
注:此方式只能返回标识字段的新写入数据对应的值。
方案三
这是在使用SCOPE_IDENTITY()函数的优化方案,你可以使用整条新数据记录,如下:
INSERT INTO Customer (LoginName,DisplayName) OUTPUT inserted.CustomerGuid VALUES ('rector','Rector');
SELECT * FROM Customer WHERE Id = SCOPE_IDENTITY();