mysql 索引 死锁_Mysql死锁与索引

```

com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLTransactionRollbackException: Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction

at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor247.newInstance(Unknown Source)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)

at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)

at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:406)

at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:381)

at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1045)

at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:956)

at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3491)

at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3423)

at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1936)

at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2060)

at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2542)

at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1734)

at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2019)

at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:1937)

at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:1922)

```

行级锁并不是直接锁记录，而是锁索引，如果一条SQL语句用到了主键索引，mysql会锁住主键索引；如果一条语句操作了非主键索引，mysql会先锁住非主键索引，再锁定主键索引。

InnoDB的辅助索引data域存储相应记录主键的值而不是地址。换句话说，InnoDB的所有辅助索引都引用主键作为data域

在并发度高的应用中，批量更新一定要带上记录的主键，优先获取主键上的锁，这样可以减少死锁的发生。