oracle不同版本功能,Oracle 不同版本之区别

This document summarizes the differences between Oracle Server releases.

Most DBA's and developers work with multiple versions of Oracle at any particular time. This document describes the high level features introduced with each new version of the Oracle database. It is intended to be used as a quick reference as to whether a feature can be implemented, or if a upgrade is required.

Oracle 10g Release 2 (10.2.0) - September 2005

Transparent Data Encryption

Async commits

CONNECT ROLE can only connect

Passwords for DB Links are encrypted

New asmcmd utility for managing ASM storage

Oracle 10g Release 1 (10.1.0)

Grid computing - an extension of the clustering feature (Real Application Clusters)

Manageability improvements (self-tuning features)

Performance and scalability improvements

Automated Storage Management (ASM)

Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)

Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)

Flashback operations available on row, transaction, table or database level

Ability to UNDROP a table from a recycle bin

Ability to rename tablespaces

Ability to transport tablespaces across machine types (E.g Windows to Unix)

New 'drop database' statement

New database scheduler - DBMS_SCHEDULER

DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER Package

Support for bigfile tablespaces that is up to 8 Exabytes in size

Data Pump - faster data movement with expdp and impdp.

Oracle 9i Release 2 (9.2.0)

Locally Managed SYSTEM tablespaces

Oracle Streams - new data sharing/replication feature (can potentially replace Oracle Advance Replication and Standby Databases)

XML DB (Oracle is now a standards compliant XML database)

Data segment compression (compress keys in tables - only when loading data)

Cluster file system for Windows and Linux (raw devices are no longer required).

Create logical standby databases with Data Guard

Java JDK 1.3 used inside the database (JVM)

Oracle Data Guard Enhancements (SQL Apply mode - logical copy of primary database, automatic failover

Security Improvements - Default Install Accounts locked, VPD on synonyms, AES, Migrate Users to Directory

Oracle 9i Release 1 (9.0.1) - June 2001

Traditional rollback segments (RBS) are still available, but can be replaced with automated System Managed Undo (SMU). Using SMU, Oracle will create it's own "Rollback Segments" and size them automatically without any DBA involvement.

Flashback query (dbms_flashback.enable) - one can query data as it looked at some point in the past. This feature will allow users to correct wrongly committed transactions without contacting the DBA to do a database restore.

Use Oracle Ultra Search for searching databases, file systems, etc. The UltraSearch crawler fetch data and hand it to Oracle Text to be indexed.

Oracle Nameserver is still available, but deprecate in favour of LDAP Naming (using the Oracle Internet Directory Server). A nameserver proxy is provided for backwards compatibility as pre-8i client cannot resolve names from an LDAP server.

Oracle Parallel Server's (OPS) scalability was improved - now called Real Application Clusters (RAC). Full Cache Fusion implemented. Any application can scale in a database cluster. Applications doesn't need to be cluster aware anymore.

The Oracle Standby DB feature renamed to Oracle Data Guard. New Logical Standby databases replay SQL on standby site allowing the database to be used for normal read write operations. The Data Guard Broker allows single step fail-over when disaster strikes.

Scrolling cursor support. Oracle9i allows fetching backwards in a result set.

Dynamic Memory Management - Buffer Pools and shared pool can be resized on-the-fly. This eliminates the need to restart the database each time parameter changes were made.

On-line table and index reorganization.

VI (Virtual Interface) protocol support, an alternative to TCP/IP, available for use with Oracle Net (SQL*Net). VI provides fast communications between components in a cluster.

Build in XML Developers Kit (XDK). New data types for XML (XMLType), URI's, etc. XML integrated with AQ.

Cost Based Optimizer now also consider memory and CPU, not only disk access cost as before.

PL/SQL programs can be natively compiled to binaries.

Deep data protection - fine grained security and auditing. Put security on DB level. SQL access do not mean unrestricted access.

Resumable backups and statements - suspend statement instead of rolling back immediately.

List Partitioning - partitioning on a list of values.

ETL (eXtract, transformation, load) Operations - with external tables and pipelining.

OLAP - Express functionality included in the DB.

Data Mining - Oracle Darwin's features included in the DB.

Oracle 8i (8.1.7)

Static HTTP server included (Apache)

JVM Accelerator to improve performance of Java code

Java Server Pages (JSP) engine

MemStat - A new utility for analyzing Java Memory footprints

OIS - Oracle Integration Server introduced.

PLSQL Gateway introduced for deploying PL/SQL based solutions on the

Web

Enterprise Manager Enhancements - including new HTML based reporting and Advanced Replication functionality included.

New Database Character Set Migration utility included.

Oracle 8i (8.1.6)

PL/SQL Server Pages (PSP's)

DBA Studio Introduced

Statspack

New SQL Functions (rank, moving average)

ALTER FREELISTS command (previously done by DROP/CREATE TABLE)

Checksums always on for SYSTEM tablespace allowing many possible

corruptions to be fixed before writing to disk

XML Parser for Java

New PLSQL encrypt/decrypt package introduced

User and Schemas separated

Numerous Performance Enhancements

Oracle 8i (8.1.5)

Fast Start recovery - Checkpoint rate auto-adjusted to meet roll

forward criteria

Reorganize indexes/index only tables which users accessing data -

Online index rebuilds

Log Miner introduced - Allows on-line or archived redo logs to be

viewed via SQL

OPS Cache Fusion introduced avoiding disk I/O during cross-node

communication

Advanced Queueing improvements (security, performance, OO4O support

User Security Improvements - more centralisation, single enterprise

user, users/roles across multiple databases.

Virtual private database

JAVA stored procedures (Oracle Java VM)

Oracle iFS

Resource Management using priorities - resource classes

Hash and Composite partitioned table types

SQL*Loader direct load API

Copy optimizer statistics across databases to ensure same access

paths across different environments.

Standby Database - Auto shipping and application of redo logs. Read

Only queries on standby database allowed.

Enterprise Manager v2 delivered

NLS - Euro Symbol supported

Analyze tables in parallel

Temporary tables supported.

Net8 support for SSL, HTTP, HOP protocols

Transportable tablespaces between databases

Locally managed tablespaces - automatic sizing of extents,

elimination of tablespace fragmentation, tablespace information managed in tablespace (i.e moved from data dictionary) improving tablespace reliability

Drop Column on table (Finally !!!!!)

DBMS_DEBUG PL/SQL package, DBMS_SQL replaced by new EXECUTE

IMMEDIATE statement

Progress Monitor to track long running DML, DDL

Functional Indexes - NLS, case insensitive, descending

Oracle 8.0 - June 1997

Object Relational database

Object Types (not just date, character, number as in v7

SQL3 standard

Call external procedures

LOB >1 per table

Partitioned Tables and Indexes

export/import individual partitions

partitions in multiple tablespaces

Online/offline, backup/recover individual partitions

merge/balance partitions

Advanced Queuing for message handling

Many performance improvements to SQL/PLSQL/OCI making more efficient use of CPU/Memory. V7 limits extended (e.g. 1000 columns/table, 4000 bytes VARCHAR2)

Parallel DML statements

Connection Pooling ( uses the physical connection for idle users and transparently re-establishes the connection when needed) to support more concurrent users.

Improved "STAR" Query optimizer

Integrated Distributed Lock Manager in Oracle PS (as opposed to Operating system DLM in v7).

Performance improvements in OPS - global V$ views introduced across all instances, transparent failover to a new node

Data Cartridges introduced on database (e.g. image, video, context, time, spatial)

Backup/Recovery improvements - Tablespace point in time recovery, incremental backups, parallel backup/recovery. Recovery manager introduced

Security Server introduced for central user administration. User password expiry, password profiles, allow custom password scheme. Privileged database links (no need for password to be stored)

Fast Refresh for complex snapshots, parallel replication, PL/SQL replication code moved in to Oracle kernel. Replication manager introduced.

Index Organized tables

Deferred integrity constraint checking (deferred until end of transaction instead of end of statement).

SQL*Net replaced by Net8

Reverse Key indexes

Any VIEW updateable

New ROWID format

Oracle 7.3

Partitioned Views

Bitmapped Indexes

Asynchronous read ahead for table scans

Standby Database

Deferred transaction recovery on instance startup

Updatable Join Views (with restrictions)

SQLDBA no longer shipped.

Index rebuilds

db_verify introduced

Context Option

Spatial Data Option

Tablespaces changes - Coalesce, Temporary Permanent,

Trigger compilation, debug

Unlimited extents on STORAGE clause.

Some init.ora parameters modifiable - TIMED_STATISTICS

HASH Joins, Antijoins

Histograms

Dependencies

Oracle Trace

Advanced Replication Object Groups

PL/SQL - UTL_FILE

Oracle 7.2

Resizable, autoextend data files

Shrink Rollback Segments manually

Create table, index UNRECOVERABLE

Subquery in FROM clause

PL/SQL wrapper

PL/SQL Cursor variables

Checksums - DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM, LOG_BLOCK_CHECKSUM

Parallel create table

Job Queues - DBMS_JOB

DBMS_SPACE

DBMS Application Info

Sorting Improvements - SORT_DIRECT_WRITES

Oracle 7.1

ANSI/ISO SQL92 Entry Level

Advanced Replication - Symmetric Data replication

Snapshot Refresh Groups

Parallel Recovery

Dynamic SQL - DBMS_SQL

Parallel Query Options - query, index creation, data loading

Server Manager introduced

Read Only tablespaces

Oracle 7.0 - June 1992

Database Integrity Constraints (primary, foreign keys, check

constraints, default values)

Stored procedures and functions, procedure packages

Database Triggers

View compilation

User defined SQL functions

Role based security

Multiple Redo members - mirrored online redo log files

Resource Limits - Profiles

Much enhanced Auditing

Enhanced Distributed database functionality - INSERTS,

UPDATES,DELETES, 2PC

Incomplete database recovery (e.g SCN)

Cost based optimiser

TRUNCATE tables

Datatype changes (i.e VARCHAR2 CHAR, VARCHAR)

SQL*Net v2, MTS

Checkpoint process

Data replication - Snapshots

Oracle 6.2

Oracle Parallel Server

Oracle 6 - July 1988

Row-level locking

On-line database backups

PL/SQL in the database

Oracle 5.1

Distributed queries

Oracle 5.0 - 1986

Supporting for the Client-Server model - PC's can access the DB on remote host

Oracle 4 - 1984

Read consistency

Oracle 3 - 1981

Atomic execution of SQL statements and transactions (COMMIT and ROLLBACK of transactions)

Nonblocking queries (no more read locks)

Re-written in the C Programming Language

Oracle 2 - 1979

First public release

Basic SQL functionality, queries and joins

========================================

下面拿10gR2里面的Connect Role说事，

Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.7.3.0 - Production

With the Partitioning option

JServer Release 8.1.7.3.0 - Production

SQL> select *from ROLE_SYS_PRIVS where role='CONNECT';

ROLE PRIVILEGE ADM

------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---

CONNECT ALTER SESSION NO

CONNECT CREATE CLUSTER NO

CONNECT CREATE DATABASE LINK NO

CONNECT CREATE SEQUENCE NO

CONNECT CREATE SESSION NO

CONNECT CREATE SYNONYM NO

CONNECT CREATE TABLE NO

CONNECT CREATE VIEW NO

8i里面connect角色有8个系统权限，而10gR2里面就只有1个了。

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

06:34:20 SQL> select role,privlege from ROLE_SYS_PRIVS where role='CONNECT';

ROLE PRIVILEGE

------------------------------ ---------------------------

CONNECT CREATE SESSION

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