oracle备份注册表,rman自动备份

1、建立rman表空间

create tablespace rman logging datafile '/opt/oracle/backup/rman/riademo/rman.dbf' size 1024M extent management local segment space management auto;

2、建立rman用户

create user rman identified by rman default tablespace rman;

grant connect,resource to rman;

grant RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER to rman;

grant unlimited tablespace to rman;

grant sysdba to rman;

3、查看是否归档模式(若不是打开归档模式)

sql> archive log list;

4、建立catalog数据库及注册表

cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

./rman catalog rman/rman

RMAN>create catalog tablespace "RMAN";

recovery catalog created

RMAN>exit

./rman target sys/passwd@oracle_sid catalog rman/rman@oracle_sid

(若有错误查看第5点，无则调过第5点)

RMAN>register database;

5、检查$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 加入

ORACLE_SID=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = name.site)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = oracle_sid)

)

)

6、rman环境设置

备份策略：

每周日进行一次全库备份；

每天每8小时进行一次归档日志备份；

为了使备份保留更长时间，设置保留30天的备份信息：

RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 30 days;

启用控制文件自动备份及备份存放位置配置：

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 30 DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/opt/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/dbs/snapcf_rxxxx.f'; # default

7、备份实施

7.１、备份策略：

每周日进行一次全库备份；

每天每8小时进行一次归档日志备份；

系统自动清除30天前的备份信息，即保留一个月数据备份；

手动删除归档日志备份，预计保留一年归档日志，以备将来数据库的完整恢复；

7.2、创建备份必要目录

cd /opt/oracle/backup

mkdir script            #存放脚本

mkdir log               #存放备份生成日志，检查该日志即可查看备份是否成功

mkdir dbback            #存放备份数据文件

mkdir logback           #存放归档日志备份

7.3备份脚本

在/opt/oracle/backup/script目录下编辑全库备份脚本dbback.sh，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

export ORACLE_SID=oracle_sid

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10.2/db_1

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"

backtime=`date +"20%y%m%d%H%M%S"`

cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

./rman target / catalog rman/rman log=/opt/oracle/backup/log/backupall_$backtime.log <

run{

allocate channel c1 device type disk;

allocate channel c2 device type disk;

allocate channel c3 device type disk;

allocate channel c4 device type disk;

allocate channel c5 device type disk;

crosscheck backup;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup database format '/opt/oracle/backup/dbback/db_%d_%T_%U';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format '/opt/oracle/backup/logback/arc_%t_%s' delete all input;

backup current controlfile format '/opt/oracle/backup/controlfileback/cntrl_%s_%p_%s';

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete noprompt expired backup;

delete noprompt obsolete;

delete noprompt backup of database completed before 'sysdate - 30';

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

release channel c4;

release channel c5;

}

EOF

在/opt/oracle/backup/script目录下编辑归档日志备份脚本backuparchive.sh，内容如下:

#!/bin/bash

export ORACLE_SID=oracle_sid

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10.2/db_1

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"

backtime=`date +"20%y%m%d%H%M%S" `

/opt/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/bin/rman target / catalog rman/rman log=/opt/oracle/backup/log/arcbackup_$backtime.log <

run{

allocate channel c1 device type disk;

allocate channel c2 device type disk;

allocate channel c3 device type disk;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format '/opt/oracle/backup/logback/arc_%t_%s' delete all input;

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete archivelog all;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

release channel c3;

}

EOF

8、crontab 自动执行脚本

为了使系统定期执行备份操作，在crontab中添加如下内容：

每周日00：00进行一次全库备份操作；每天八个小时进行一次归档日志备份操作；

0 0 * * 0 sh /opt/oracle/backup/script/dbback.sh 2>&1

0 0,8,16 * * * sh /opt/oracle/backup/script/archivelogback.sh 2>&1

service cron restart

9、测试

全库备份测试成功；

归档日志备份测试成功；

具体测试日志见附录部分。

观察是否有新的备份生成，且查看/backup/目录下

cd / backup/dbback

ls -lrt

cd /backup/logback/

ls -lrt

cd /backup/log /