php中冒号是什么,PHP中的::（双冒号）和 - >（箭头）有什么区别？

当左侧部分是对象实例时，使用$this.否则，使用parent。

这意味着$this主要用于访问实例成员(虽然它也可以用于访问静态成员，不建议使用这种用法)，而parent通常用于访问静态成员(尽管在一些特殊情况下，它用于访问 实例成员)。

通常，$this用于范围解析，它的左侧可能有类名，parent,self或(在PHP 5.3中)static。 parent指的是使用它的类的超类的范围; self指的是使用它的类的范围; static指的是“被调用范围”(参见后期静态绑定)。

规则是$this的调用是一个实例调用当且仅当：

目标方法未声明为静态和

在调用时有一个兼容的对象上下文，这意味着必须为true：该调用是从存在$this的上下文进行的

$this的类是被调用方法的类或它的子类。

例：

class A {

public function func_instance() {

echo "in ", __METHOD__, "\n";

}

public function callDynamic() {

echo "in ", __METHOD__, "\n";

B::dyn();

}

}

class B extends A {

public static $prop_static = 'B::$prop_static value';

public $prop_instance = 'B::$prop_instance value';

public function func_instance() {

echo "in ", __METHOD__, "\n";

/* this is one exception where :: is required to access an

* instance member.

* The super implementation of func_instance is being

* accessed here */

parent::func_instance();

A::func_instance(); //same as the statement above

}

public static function func_static() {

echo "in ", __METHOD__, "\n";

}

public function __call($name, $arguments) {

echo "in dynamic $name (__call)", "\n";

}

public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) {

echo "in dynamic $name (__callStatic)", "\n";

}

}

echo 'B::$prop_static: ', B::$prop_static, "\n";

echo 'B::func_static(): ', B::func_static(), "\n";

$a = new A;

$b = new B;

echo '$b->prop_instance: ', $b->prop_instance, "\n";

//not recommended (static method called as instance method):

echo '$b->func_static(): ', $b->func_static(), "\n";

echo '$b->func_instance():', "\n", $b->func_instance(), "\n";

/* This is more tricky

* in the first case, a static call is made because $this is an

* instance of A, so B::dyn() is a method of an incompatible class

*/

echo '$a->dyn():', "\n", $a->callDynamic(), "\n";

/* in this case, an instance call is made because $this is an

* instance of B (despite the fact we are in a method of A), so

* B::dyn() is a method of a compatible class (namely, it's the

* same class as the object's)

*/

echo '$b->dyn():', "\n", $b->callDynamic(), "\n";

输出：

B::$prop_static: B::$prop_static value

B::func_static(): in B::func_static

$b->prop_instance: B::$prop_instance value

$b->func_static(): in B::func_static

$b->func_instance():

in B::func_instance

in A::func_instance

in A::func_instance

$a->dyn():

in A::callDynamic

in dynamic dyn (__callStatic)

$b->dyn():

in A::callDynamic

in dynamic dyn (__call)