android 数据库dao,Android原生数据库和GreenDao的简单使用

8种机械键盘轴体对比

本人程序员，要买一个写代码的键盘，请问红轴和茶轴怎么选？

为什么要写这个文章呢,主要目的是做一个记录.

因为如果项目中如果用不到数据库的话,基本过段时间就忘记了.

当再需要用的时候,又得去查查查,浪费时间.

Android SQLite

1.创建SQLiteOpenHelper的子类

直接上代码

别看一丢代码就头大,其实这段代码比较简单,就是一个继承了 SQLiteOpenHelper的子类,有一个四个参数的构造器,然后实现了onCreate()和onUpgrade()两个方法,至于这两个方法的作用,代码中已经有相应的注释了.

至于内部类 Builder, 相信知道建造者模式的一看就明白了.这只是为了创建实例的时候方便而已,不用也可以.1

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105import android.content.Context;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

import android.text.TextUtils;

/**

* Created by chenmingliang on 2018/6/15.

*/

public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

/**

* @param context

* @param name 数据库名称

* @param factory 一个可选的游标工厂(通常是 null)

* @param version 当前数据库的版本,必须是整数并且是递增状态

*/

public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) {

super(context, name, factory, version);

}

/**

* 数据库第一次创建的时候调用

* 也就是 第一次 getWritableDatabase() / getReadableDatabase()

* @param db

*

* 作用: 创建数据库/表并且初始化数据

*/

@Override

public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {

//创建一个 person 的表(id,name,address)

String sql = "create table person(id integer primary key autoincrement,name varchar(64),address varchar(64))";

db.execSQL(sql);

}

/**

* 数据库升级时自动调用即数据库版本发生变化的时候

* @param db

* @param oldVersion

* @param newVersion

*

* 作用:更新数据库表结构

*/

@Override

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

String sql = "alter table person add sex varchar(8)";

db.execSQL(sql);

}

public static final class Builder{

public static final String CONTEXT = "context";

public static final String NAME = "name";

private Context bContext;

private String bName;

private int bVersion;

public Builder context(Context context){

this.bContext = context;

return this;

}

public Builder databaseName(String name){

this.bName = name;

return this;

}

public Builder databaseVersion(int version){

this.bVersion = version;

return this;

}

public DatabaseHelper build(){

checkNotNull(bContext,CONTEXT);

if(TextUtils.isEmpty(bName))

checkNotNull(null,NAME);

if(0 == bVersion)

bVersion = 1;

return new DatabaseHelper(bContext,bName,null,bVersion);

}

private void checkNotNull(Object object,String type){

if(null == object){

String message = null;

switch (type){

case CONTEXT:

message = "context is not null in DatabaseHelper";

break;

case NAME:

message = "name is not null or empty in DatabaseHelper";

break;

default:

}

throw new NullPointerException(message);

}

}

}

}

2.具体使用

当我们有了 SQLiteOpenHelper 的子类后,我们就可以开始创建数据库创建表…操作了,1

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35private void database() {

//创建数据库 Helper 类

DatabaseHelper databaseHelper = new DatabaseHelper.Builder()

.context(this)

.databaseName("cml")

.build();

//这时候会真正的创建数据库

SQLiteDatabase database = databaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();

//增

String insertSql = "insert into person (id,name) values (1,'aaa')";

database.execSQL(insertSql);

String insertSql2 = "insert into person (id,name) values (2,'ccc')";

database.execSQL(insertSql2);

//改

String updateSql = "update [person] set name = 'aaa2' where id = 1";

database.execSQL(updateSql);

//删

String deleteSql = "delete from person where id = 2";

database.execSQL(deleteSql);

//查

Cursor cursor = database.rawQuery(" select * from person ", null);

if(cursor.moveToFirst()){

do {

String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));

String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));

Log.e("Cml","person-->id:" +id+",name:" +name);

}while (cursor.moveToNext());

cursor.close();

}

}

好了,原生的简单用法就如上了,其中为了避免用 android 的方法传入过多的参数,就直接执行 sql 语句来进行数据的增删改查了,也建议这样做,可以有效的减少错误的发生.

GrennDao 的使用

1.使用前配置1

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25// In your root build.gradle file:

buildscript {

repositories {

jcenter()

mavenCentral() // add repository

}

dependencies {

classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.1'

classpath 'org.greenrobot:greendao-gradle-plugin:3.2.2' // add plugin

}

}

// In your app projects build.gradle file:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

apply plugin: 'org.greenrobot.greendao' // apply plugin

dependencies {

implementation 'org.greenrobot:greendao:3.2.2' // add library

}

greendao {

schemaVersion 1 // 数据库版本号

daoPackage "com.cml.myapplication.greendao" //自动生成文件的路劲(一般为包名+自定义文件夹名)

targetGenDir "src/main/java" //一般默认如此即可

}

2.创建实体类

使用注解

‘’’

@Entity

public class Person {

@Id

private long id;

private String name;

}

‘’’

然后Make Project 实体类就变成了如下(dao 自动为我们加了一些代码)1

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26@Entity

public class Person {

@Id

private long id;

private String name;

@Generated(hash = 2039202055)

public Person(long id, String name) {

this.id = id;

this.name = name;

}

@Generated(hash = 1024547259)

public Person() {

}

public long getId() {

return this.id;

}

public void setId(long id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return this.name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

}

3.在 Application 中进行初始化1

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32public class MyApplication extends Application {

public static MyApplication mInstance;

private DaoSession mDaoSession;

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

mInstance = this;

initDatabase();

}

public static MyApplication getApplication(){

return mInstance;

}

private void initDatabase() {

DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper openHelper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(this, "person");

SQLiteDatabase database = openHelper.getWritableDatabase();

DaoMaster daoMaster = new DaoMaster(database);

mDaoSession = daoMaster.newSession();

}

public DaoSession getDaoSession(){

return mDaoSession;

}

private void initAndfix() {

AndfixPatchManager.getInstance().initPatch(this);

}

}

ps:别忘记在 AndroidManifest.xml 中配置 application哦

4.具体使用1

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16private void databaseWithDAO() {

long id = MyApplication.getApplication().getDaoSession().insert(new Person(0, "AAA"));

long id2 = MyApplication.getApplication().getDaoSession().insert(new Person(1, "BBB"));

MyApplication.getApplication().getDaoSession().update(new Person(0,"AAA2"));

MyApplication.getApplication().getDaoSession().delete(new Person(1,"BBB"));

List people = MyApplication.getApplication().getDaoSession().loadAll(Person.class);

for(Person p : people){

Log.e("Cml","person -->id: "+p.getId()+", name: "+p.getName());

}

}

至此dao的简单使用就完成了.