MySql一会儿start一会儿stop_MySQL start and stop

一、本文说明

本实验主要是演示MySQL的四种启动方式，附带停止的操作。

二、mysqld

mysqld is the MySQL server   mysqld reads options from the [mysqld] and [server] groups   we can invoke mysqld manually.This is usually not done except for debugging purposes.If you invoke the server this way,error messages go to the terminal by default rather than to the error log.

connection

start

./bin/mysqld –defaults-file=./my.cnf –user=mysql

connect

mysql –defaults-file=./my.cnf

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

----启动：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=./my.cnf --user=mysql &

[1] 11315

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# 130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap isdisabled130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation

130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.

130729 0:50:34 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start

130729 0:50:35 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 1595675

130729 0:50:36 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events

130729 0:50:36 [Note] ./bin/mysqld: ready for connections.

Version:'5.5.22-log'socket:'/tmp/mysql.sock'port: 3306 Source distribution

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ps -ef |grep mysql |grep -v grep

mysql 11315 5333 1 00:50 pts/1 00:00:00 ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=./my.cnf --user=mysql

----连接：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql --defaults-file=./my.cnf

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

----关闭：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysqladmin shutdown

三、mysqld_safe

mysqld_safe reads all options the [mysqld],[server],and [mysqld_safe] sections in option files.For backward compatibility,it also reads [safe_mysqld] sections,although you should rename such sections to [mysqd_safe] in MySQL 5.1 installations.   mysqld_safe is a shell script that invokes mysqld.The script sets up the error log,and then launches mysqld and monitors it.If mysqld terminates abnormally,mysqld_safe restarts it.

connection

start

mysqld_safe –defaults-file=./my.cnf –user=mysql &

connect

mysql –defaults-file=./my.cnf

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

----启动：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --default-file=./my.cnf --user=mysql &

[1] 11352

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# 130729 00:54:22 mysqld_safe Logging to '/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.err'.130729 00:54:23 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /opt/mysql5.5/data130729 00:54:25 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.pid ended[1]+ Done ./bin/mysqld_safe --default-file=./my.cnf --user=mysql----连接：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql --defaults-file=./my.cnf

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock----关闭：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysqladmin shutdown

四、mysql.server

MySQL distributions on Unix include a script named mysql.server.It can be used on

systems such as Linux and Solaris that use System V-style run directaries to start and stop

system services.It is also used by the Max OS X Startup Item for MySQL.

$MySQL_BASE/share/mysql/mysql.server and support-files/mysql.server

mysql.server reads options from the [mysql.server] and [mysqld] sections of option files.

For backward compatibility,it also reads [mysql_server] sections,although you should rename

such sections to [mysql.server] when using MySQL 5.1

a shell script that invoke mysqld_safe.

connection

start

cd share/mysql

./mysql.server start

cp ./mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql

chkconfig –add mysql

service mysql start

connect

mysql –default-file=./my.cnf

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

----启动：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./support-files/mysql.server start

Starting MySQL...[OK]

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ps -ef |grep mysql |grep -v grep

root11873 1 1 01:01 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data --pid-file=/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.pid

mysql 12329 11873 4 01:01 pts/1 00:00:00 /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql5.5/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.err --pid-file=/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306----设置随系统启动而启动MySQL

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql[root@node4 mysql5.5]# chkconfig --add mysql

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# chkconfig --list mysql

mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# service mysql start

Starting MySQL..[OK]

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ps -ef |grep mysql |grep -v grep

root12423 1 1 01:03 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data --pid-file=/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.pid

mysql 12881 12423 3 01:03 pts/1 00:00:00 /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql5.5/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.err --pid-file=/opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306---连接：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql --defaults-file=./my.cnf

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock----关闭：

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysqladmin shutdown

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# service mysql stop

Shutting down MySQL.[OK]

五、mysqld_multi

mysqld_multi is designed to manage several mysqld processes that listen for connections on different Unix socket files and TCP/IP prots.It can start or stop servers,or report their current status.The MySQL Instance Manager is an alternative means of managing multiple servers

how to config

1). mkdir $MySQL_BASE/data2

2). mysql_install_db –basedir=$mysql_base              –datadir=$mysql_base/data2              –user=mysql

3). vi $MySQL_BASE/my.cnf

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /opt/mysql5152/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin = /opt/mysql5152/bin/mysqladmin

user = test

password = test

[mysqld3306]

.

.

.

4). mysqld_multi –defaults-file=./my.cnf start 3306

5). mysql -uroot -P 3306 –protocol=tcp

mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

6). GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO ‘test’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘test’;

7). mysqld_multi –defaults-file=./my.cnf stop 3306

----创建存放数据库的目录

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mkdir data2----创建数据库基表

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data2 --user=mysql

Installing MySQL system tables...130729 1:35:52 [Warning] You need to use --log-bin to make --binlog-format work.

OK

Filling help tables...130729 1:35:52 [Warning] You need to use --log-bin to make --binlog-format work.

OKTo start mysqld at boot time you have tocopy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place foryour system

PLEASE REMEMBERTO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER!To do so, start the server, thenissue the following commands:/opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

/opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h node4 password 'new-password'Alternatively you can run:/opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you theoption ofremoving the test

databasesand anonymous user created by default. This isstrongly recommendedforproduction servers.

See the manualformore instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemonwith:

cd/opt/mysql5.5 ; /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe &You can test the MySQL daemonwith mysql-test-run.pl

cd/opt/mysql5.5/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please reportany problems with the /opt/mysql5.5/scripts/mysqlbug script!----修改data2目录的属主

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# chown -R mysql:mysql data2/

----修改my.conf文件，添加下面的内容

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# more my.cnf[mysqld_multi]mysqld= /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin= /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqladminuser =test

password=test

# The MySQL server[mysqld3306]port= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql3306.sock

pid-file = /tmp/mysql3306.pid

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size=16M

max_allowed_packet=1M

table_open_cache= 64sort_buffer_size=512K

net_buffer_length=8K

read_buffer_size=256K

read_rnd_buffer_size=512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M

basedir= /opt/mysql5.5datadir= /opt/mysql5.5/datalog-error = /tmp/mysql3306.err[mysqld3307]port= 3307socket= /tmp/mysql3307.sock

pid-file = /tmp/mysql3307.pid

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size=16M

max_allowed_packet=1M

table_open_cache= 64sort_buffer_size=512K

net_buffer_length=8K

read_buffer_size=256K

read_rnd_buffer_size=512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M

basedir= /opt/mysql5.5datadir= /opt/mysql5.5/data2log-error = /tmp/mysql3307.err----启动3306

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-file=./my.cnf start 3306 &

[1] 13184

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ps -ef |grep 3306 |grep -v grep

root13192 1 0 01:52 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16M --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=64 --sort_buffer_size=512K --net_buffer_length=8K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=512K --myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data --log-error=/tmp/mysql3306.err

mysql 13637 13192 1 01:52 pts/1 00:00:00 /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql5.5/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16M --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=64 --sort-buffer-size=512K --net-buffer-length=8K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=512K --myisam-sort-buffer-size=8M --log-error=/tmp/mysql3306.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306

[1]+ Done ./bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-file=./my.cnf start 3306----启动3307

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-file=./my.cnf start 3307 &

[1] 13658

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ps -ef |grep 3307 |grep -v grep

root13666 1 1 01:53 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3307 --socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3307.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16M --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=64 --sort_buffer_size=512K --net_buffer_length=8K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=512K --myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data2 --log-error=/tmp/mysql3307.err --log-bin=mysql-bin --binlog_format=mixed --server-id=1

mysql 14156 13666 11 01:53 pts/1 00:00:00 /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql5.5 --datadir=/opt/mysql5.5/data2 --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql5.5/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16M --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=64 --sort-buffer-size=512K --net-buffer-length=8K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=512K --myisam-sort-buffer-size=8M --log-bin=mysql-bin --binlog-format=mixed --server-id=1 --log-error=/tmp/mysql3307.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3307.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock --port=3307

[1]+ Done ./bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-file=./my.cnf start 3307----对数据库的连接

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or\g.

Your MySQL connection idis 1Server version:5.5.22Source distribution

Copyright (c)2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Allrights reserved.

Oracleis a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/orits

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksoftheir respective

owners.

Type'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the currentinput statement.

mysql> exit;

Bye[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock

Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or\g.

Your MySQL connection idis 1Server version:5.5.22-logSource distribution

Copyright (c)2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Allrights reserved.

Oracleis a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/orits

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksoftheir respective

owners.

Type'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the currentinput statement.

mysql> exit;

Bye----关闭3306，首先需要连接数据库，创建test用户并授予它权限，最后使用mysqld_multi关闭3306

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or\g.

Your MySQL connection idis 2Server version:5.5.22Source distribution

Copyright (c)2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Allrights reserved.

Oracleis a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/orits

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksoftheir respective

owners.

Type'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the currentinput statement.

mysql> GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'test'@'localhost' identified by 'test' with grant option;

Query OK,0 rows affected (0.11sec)

mysql> exit;

Bye[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ./bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-file=./my.cnf stop 3306

[root@node4 mysql5.5]# ps -ef |grep 3306 |grep -v grep