java hibernate 注解详解_hibernate pojo注解详解

1.设置Pojo为实体

01.@Entity

//标识这个pojo是一个jpa实体 02.public class Users implements Serializable

{ 03.}

2.设置表名

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name = "users")

//指定表名为users 03.public class Users implements Serializable

{ 04.}

3.设置主键

01.public class Users implements Serializable

{ 02.@Id 03.private String userCode;

4. 设置字段类型

通过@Column注解设置，包含的设置如下

.name：字段名

.unique：是否唯一

.nullable：是否可以为空

.inserttable：是否可以插入

.updateable：是否可以更新

.columnDefinition: 定义建表时创建此列的DDL

.secondaryTable: 从表名。如果此列不建在主表上(默认建在主表)，该属性定义该列所在从表的名字。

01.@Column(name = "user_code", nullable = false,

length=32)//设置属性userCode对应的字段为user_code，长度为32，非空 02.private String

userCode; 03.@Column(name = "user_wages", nullable = true, precision=12,

scale=2)//设置属性wages对应的字段为user_wages，12位数字可保留两位小数，可以为空 04.private double

wages; 05.@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)//设置为时间类型 06.private Date joinDate;

5.字段排序

在加载数据的时候可以为其指定顺序，使用@OrderBy注解实现

01.@Table(name =

"USERS") 02.public class User

{ 03.@OrderBy(name = "group_name ASC, name

DESC") 04.private List books = new

ArrayList(); 05.}

6.主键生成策略

01.public class Users implements Serializable

{ 02.@Id 03.@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)//主键自增，注意，这种方式依赖于具体的数据库，如果数据库不支持自增主键，那么这个类型是没法用的 04.@Column(name = "user_id", nullable =

false) 05.private int

userId; 06. 07. 08.public class Users implements Serializable

{ 09.@Id 10.@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE)//通过一个表来实现主键id的自增，这种方式不依赖于具体的数据库，可以解决数据迁移的问题 11.@Column(name = "user_code", nullable =

false) 12.private String

userCode; 13. 14. 15.public class Users implements Serializable

{ 16.@Id 17.@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE)//通过Sequence来实现表主键自增，这种方式依赖于数据库是否有SEQUENCE，如果没有就不能用 18.@SequenceGenerator(name="seq_user") 19.@Column(name = "user_id", nullable =

false) 20.private int userId;

7.一对多映射关系

有T_One和T_Many两个表，他们是一对多的关系，注解范例如下

主Pojo

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name =

"T_ONE") 03.public class One implements Serializable

{ 04.private static final long serialVersionUID =

1L; 05.@Id 06.@Column(name = "ONE_ID", nullable =

false) 07.private String

oneId; 08.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 09.private String

description; 10.@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy =

"oneId")//指向多的那方的pojo的关联外键字段 11.private Collection

manyCollection;

子Pojo

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name =

"T_MANY") 03.public class Many implements Serializable

{ 04.private static final long serialVersionUID =

1L; 05.@Id 06.@Column(name = "MANY_ID", nullable =

false) 07.private String

manyId; 08.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 09.private String

description; 10. 11.@JoinColumn(name = "ONE_ID", referencedColumnName =

"ONE_ID")//设置对应数据表的列名和引用的数据表的列名 12.@ManyToOne//设置在“一方”pojo的外键字段上 13.private One oneId;

8.多对多映射关系

貌似多对多关系不需要设置级联，以前用hibernate的时候着实为多对多的级联头疼了一阵子，JPA的多对多还需要实际的尝试一下才能有所体会。

估计JPA的多对多也是可以转换成两个一对多的。

第一个Pojo

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name =

"T_MANYA") 03.public class ManyA implements Serializable

{ 04.private static final long serialVersionUID =

1L; 05.@Id 06.@Column(name = "MANYA_ID", nullable =

false) 07.private String

manyaId; 08.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 09.private String

description; 10.@ManyToMany 11.@JoinTable(name = "TMANY1_TMANY2", joinColumns =

{@JoinColumn(name = "MANYA_ID", referencedColumnName =

"MANYA_ID")}, inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "MANYB_ID",

referencedColumnName =

"MANYB_ID")}) 12.private Collection

manybIdCollection;

第二个Pojo

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name =

"T_MANYB") 03.public class ManyB implements Serializable

{ 04.private static final long serialVersionUID =

1L; 05.@Id 06.@Column(name = "MANYB_ID", nullable =

false) 07.private String

manybId; 08.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 09.private String

description; 10.@ManyToMany(mappedBy =

"manybIdCollection") 11.private Collection

manyaIdCollection;

9.一对一映射关系

主Pojo

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name =

"T_ONEA") 03.public class OneA implements Serializable

{ 04.private static final long serialVersionUID =

1L; 05.@Id 06.@Column(name = "ONEA_ID", nullable =

false) 07.private String

oneaId; 08.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 09.private String

description; 10.@OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy =

"oneA")//主Pojo这方的设置比较简单，只要设置好级联和映射到从Pojo的外键就可以了。 11.private OneB

oneB; 从Pojo

01.@Entity 02.@Table(name =

"T_ONEB") 03.public class OneB implements Serializable

{ 04.private static final long serialVersionUID =

1L; 05.@Id 06.@Column(name = "ONEA_ID", nullable =

false) 07.private String

oneaId; 08.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 09.private String

description; 10.@JoinColumn(name = "ONEA_ID", referencedColumnName = "ONEA_ID",

insertable = false, updatable =

false)//设置从方指向主方的关联外键，这个ONEA_ID其实是表T_ONEA的主键 11.@OneToOne 12.private OneA oneA;

10 大字段

01.@Lob

//对应Blob字段类型 02.@Column(name =

"PHOTO") 03.private Serializable

photo; 04.@Lob

//对应Clob字段类型 05.@Column(name =

"DESCRIPTION") 06.private String description;

11.瞬时字段

不需要与数据库映射的字段，在保存的时候不需要保存倒数据库

01.@Transient 02.private int

tempValue; 03. 04.public int

getTempValue(){ 05.get

tempValue; 06.} 07. 08.public void setTempValue(int

value){ 09.this.tempValue =

value; 10.}