MySQL的异常处理分析如下:
标准格式
?DECLARE handler_type HANDLERFOR condition_value[,...] statementhandler_type:CONTINUE| EXIT| UNDO--这个暂时不支持condition_value:SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value| condition_name| SQLWARNING|NOT FOUND| SQLEXCEPTION| mysql_error_codecondition_value细节
1、常用MYSQL ERROR CODE 列表
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/error-messages-server.html
更多错误列表见MySQL安装路径下
比如我的/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/errmsg.txt
说明一下:SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value这种格式是专门为ANSI SQL 和 ODBC以及其他的标准.
并不是所有的MySQL ERROR CODE 都映射到SQLSTATE。
2、如果你不想插ERROR CODE的话,就用速记条件来代替
SQLWARNING 代表所有以01开头的错误代码
NOT FOUND 代表所有以02开头的错误代码,当然也可以代表一个游标到达数据集的末尾。
SQLEXCEPTION 代表除了SQLWARNING和NOT FOUND 的所有错误代码
3、我们现在就用手册上的例子
?CREATE TABLE t (s1int,primary key (s1));mysql> use t_girlDatabase changedmysql>CREATE TABLE t (s1int,primary key (s1));Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>mysql>mysql> DELIMITER ||mysql>CREATE PROCEDURE handlerdemo ()->BEGIN->DECLARE EXIT HANDLERFOR SQLSTATE'23000' BEGIN END;-- 遇到重复键值就退出->SET @x = 1;->INSERT INTO tVALUES (1);->SET @x = 2;->INSERT INTO tVALUES (1);->SET @x = 3;->END||Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> DELIMITER ;mysql> call handlerdemo();Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>select @x;+------+| @x |+------+| 2 |+------+1 rowin set (0.00 sec)mysql> call handlerdemo();Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>select @x;+------+| @x |+------+| 1 |+------+1 rowin set (0.00 sec)mysql>
现在来看一下遇到错误继续的情况
?mysql>truncate table t;Query OK, 0rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> DELIMITER $$mysql>DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `t_girl`.`handlerdemo`$$Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost`PROCEDURE `handlerdemo`()->BEGIN->DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLERFOR SQLSTATE'23000' BEGIN END;->SET @x = 1;->INSERT INTO tVALUES (1);->SET @x = 2;->INSERT INTO tVALUES (1);->SET @x = 3;->END$$Query OK, 0rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> DELIMITER ;mysql> call handlerdemo();Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>select @x;+------+| @x |+------+| 3 |+------+1 rowin set (0.00 sec)mysql> call handlerdemo();Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>select @x;+------+| @x |+------+| 3 |+------+1 rowin set (0.00 sec)mysql>
可以看到,始终执行到最后。
当然,上面的SQLSTATE '23000'可以替换为1062
我们来看一下警告。
?mysql>alter table tadd s2int not null;Query OK, 0rows affected (0.01 sec)Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
此列没有默认值,插入的时候会出现警告或者1364错误提示。
?mysql> DELIMITER $$mysql>DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `t_girl`.`handlerdemo`$$Query OK, 0rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql>CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost`PROCEDURE `handlerdemo`()->BEGIN->DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLERFOR 1062BEGIN END;->DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLERFOR SQLWARNING->BEGIN->update tset s2 = 2;->END;->DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLERFOR 1364->BEGIN->INSERT INTO t(s1,s2)VALUES (1,3);->END;->SET @x = 1;->INSERT INTO t(s1)VALUES (1);->SET @x = 2;->INSERT INTO t(s1)VALUES (1);->SET @x = 3;->END$$Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> DELIMITER ;mysql> call handlerdemo();Query OK, 0rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>select *from t;+----+----+| s1 | s2 |+----+----+| 1 | 3 |+----+----+1 rowin set (0.00 sec)
遇到错误的时候插入的新记录。
?mysql>select @x;+------+| @x |+------+| 3 |+------+1 rowin set (0.00 sec)