python中不可变对象都是哈希的_防止针对可变类的自动哈希功能

Python allows hash values only for immutable objects. For example,

hash((1,2,3))

works, but

hash([1,2,3])

raises a TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'. See the Python documentation. However, when I wrap a C++ class in Boost.Python via the usual boost::python::class_<> function, every generated Python class has a default hash function, where the hash value is related to the object's location in memory. (On my 64-bit OS, the hash value is the location divided by 8.)

When I expose a class to Python whose members can be changed (any mutable data structure, so this is a very common situation!), I do not want a default hash function but want a call to hash() raise the same TypeError as users receive for Python's own mutable data types. In particular, users shouldn't be able to accidentally use mutable objects as dictionary keys. How can I achieve this in the C++ code?

解决方案

I found out how it goes:

boost::python::class_("MyClass")

.setattr("__hash__", boost::python::object());

A boost::python::object which is initialized with no arguments corresponds to None. The procedure for disabling hash generation in the pure Python C API is a little more complicated, as is described in the Python documentation. However, the above code snippet apparently does the job in boost::python.