centos 安装mysql5.6.12_CentOS6.4+MySQL-5.6.12 安装详解

通用二进制包安装

1. 准备数据存放的文件系统

说明：新建一个逻辑卷，并将其挂载至特定目录即可。这里假设其逻辑卷的挂载目录为/mydata，而后需要创建/mydata/data目录做为mysql数据的存放目录。

(1). 先确认下系统里是否有LVM工具，默认没有安装

[root@web httpd]# rpm -qa | grep lvm

[root@web httpd]# yum install -y lvm2

(2). 查看一下磁盘

[root@web httpd]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/Osize (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0000a0a2

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1* 1 26 204800 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda226 1301 10240000 83 Linux

/dev/sda31301 1938 5120000 83 Linux

/dev/sda41938 2611 5405696 5 Extended

/dev/sda51939 2066 1024000 82 Linux swap / Solaris

[root@web httpd]#

(3). 创建逻辑分区

[root@web ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

/dev/sda72066 2327 2099724 8e Linux LVM #我这里是测试环境就创建了一个2G分区

[root@web ~]# partx -a /dev/sda #告诉内核有关存在和磁盘上的分区的编号

[root@web ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda7 #创建物理卷

Physical volume "/dev/sda7"successfully created

[root@web ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sda7 #创建卷组

Volume group "myvg"successfully created

[root@web ~]#

[root@web ~]# lvcreate -n mydata -L 1G myvg #创建一个1G的逻辑卷

Logical volume "mydata"created

[root@web ~]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

mydata myvg -wi-a---- 1.00g

[root@web ~]#

[root@web ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mydata #格式化

[root@web ~]# mkdir /mydata #创建挂载目录

[root@web ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mydata /mydata/ #挂载

[root@web ~]# vim /etc/fstab

/dev/myvg/mydata/mydataext4 defaults 0 0 #增加这一行

[root@web ~]# mount –a #测试挂载是否成功

[root@web ~]# mount

/dev/sda2on / typeext4 (rw)

proc on /proctypeproc (rw)

sysfs on /systypesysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/ptstypedevpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shmtypetmpfs (rw)

/dev/sda1on /boottypeext4 (rw)

/dev/sda3on /datatypeext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misctypebinfmt_misc (rw)

/dev/mapper/myvg-mydataon /mydatatypeext4 (rw)

[root@web ~]#

(4). 为了便于管理在/mydata目录下再创建个子目录data用于存放数据

[root@web ~]# mkdir /mydata/data

[root@web ~]# ls /mydata/

data lost+found

2. 新建用户以安全方式运行进程

[root@web ~]# groupadd -r mysql

[root@web ~]# useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /mydata/data mysql

[root@web ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data

3. 安装并初始化mysql5.6.12

(1). 通用二进制包安装

[root@web src]# tar -xf mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ #-C指定解压目录

[root@web local]# ln -sv mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql #创建软链接

`mysql' -> `mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/'

[root@web local]# cd mysql

[root@web mysql]# ls

bin data include lib mysql-testscripts sql-bench

COPYING docs INSTALL-BINARY manREADME share support-files

[root@web mysql]#

[root@web mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql . #更改属主属组

[root@web mysql]# ll

total 76

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 bin

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 17987 May 21 23:18 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 data

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 docs

drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 include

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 7469 May 21 23:18 INSTALL-BINARY

drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 lib

drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 man

drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 mysql-test

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 2496 May 21 23:18 README

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 scripts

drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 share

drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 sql-bench

drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 support-files

(2). 执行mysql 初始化的data存放位置的准备

[root@web mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data #执行mysql 初始化的data存放位置的准备

Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error whileloading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot openshared object file: No such fileor directory

#初始化时报错说缺少libaio.so我们安装一下

[root@web mysql]# yum install libaio

[root@web mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data #再次执行mysql 初始化的data存放位置的准备

To start mysqld at boot timeyou have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place foryour system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To doso, start the server, thenissue the following commands:

./bin/mysqladmin-u root password 'new-password'

./bin/mysqladmin-u root -h web.test.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

./bin/mysql_secure_installation

whichwill also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default. This is

strongly recommended forproduction servers.

See the manual formoreinstructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

cd. ; ./bin/mysqld_safe&

You can testthe MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

cdmysql-test; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbugscript!

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licensesat http://shop.mysql.com

WARNING: Found existing config file./my.cnf on the system.

Because this filemight be inuse, it was not replaced,

but was used inbootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)

and when you later start the server.

The new default config filewas created as ./my-new.cnf,

please compare it with your fileand take the changes you need.

WARNING: Default config file/etc/my.cnf exists on the system

This filewill be readby default by the MySQL server

If you donot want to use this, either remove it, or use the

--defaults-fileargument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

[root@web mysql]#

[root@web mysql]# ls /mydata/data/ #查看 data 目录有文件说明初始化成功

ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 mysql performance_schema test

(3). 初始化完成后mysql中目录文件的属主应改回成root，以免被别人攻破mysql用户密码而带来数据破坏等

[root@web mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

[root@web mysql]# chown root /usr/local/mysql/* -R

[root@web mysql]# ll

total 84

drwxr-xr-x 2 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 bin

-rw-r--r-- 1 root mysql 17987 May 21 23:18 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x 3 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 data

drwxr-xr-x 2 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 docs

drwxr-xr-x 3 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 include

-rw-r--r-- 1 root mysql 7469 May 21 23:18 INSTALL-BINARY

drwxr-xr-x 3 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 lib

drwxr-xr-x 4 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 man

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 943 Jun 29 21:18 my.cnf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 943 Jun 29 21:23 my-new.cnf

drwxr-xr-x 10 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 mysql-test

-rw-r--r-- 1 root mysql 2496 May 21 23:18 README

drwxr-xr-x 2 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 scripts

drwxr-xr-x 28 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 share

drwxr-xr-x 4 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 sql-bench

drwxr-xr-x 3 root mysql 4096 Jun 29 21:12 support-files

[root@web mysql]#