java dao实现_java JDBC 万能DAO的实现

数据库和实体类设计好以后，有几个实体类就需要几个Dao吗？显然不是。。。

利用java的反射机制，一个Dao就可以实现对所有实体类的操作

思路就是，传过来一个实体类，利用实体类得到表，把实体类的每一个字段取出，放到表对应的字段。。。。

但是，如果实体类字段发生变化，这个时候往数据库插入数据就会出错，原因是表里面没有与实体类属性对应的字段，

这个时候就要用到java的反射机制了

我们首先需要得到表的所有字段，然后得到实体类的所有属性，两个一一比较，实体类中有的属性而数据库没有与之对应的字段，就舍去，这就是基本的思路

代码如下：

package com.lp.DAO;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import com.lp.bean.goods;

/**

* 2015.7.20 利用java反射实现万能DAO 即使bean层的实体类字段改变 也能实现增删查改

*

* @author lp

*/

public class DaoPro {

// 由数据库名称得到数据库中的所有列

public List getColumns(String tableName) {

Connection connection = DbHelper.getCon();

Statement statement = DbHelper.getStatement();

ResultSet resultSet = null;

List list = new ArrayList();

try {

String sql = "select * from " + tableName + " where 1=2";

resultSet = DbHelper.getStatement().executeQuery(sql);

ResultSetMetaData data = resultSet.getMetaData();

int columnsCount = data.getColumnCount();

for (int i = 1; i <= columnsCount; i++) {

String s = data.getColumnName(i);

list.add(s);

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

DbHelper.cloRes(connection, statement, resultSet);

}

return list;

}

// 填充实体类，返回一个实体类集合

public List getList(Class cl) {

int i = 0;

List objs = new ArrayList();

Connection connection = DbHelper.getCon();

Statement statement = DbHelper.getStatement();

ResultSet resultSet = null;

Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields();

List columnsName = getColumns(cl.getSimpleName());

String sql = "select * from " + cl.getSimpleName();

try {

System.out.println(sql);

resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);

System.out.println(i++);

while (resultSet.next()) {

System.out.println(i++);

Object obj = cl.newInstance();

for (String str : columnsName) {

for (Field ff : fields) {

if (str.equals(ff.getName())) {

ff.setAccessible(true);

ff.set(obj, resultSet.getObject(ff.getName()));

break;

}

}

}

objs.add(obj);

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InstantiationException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return objs;

}

public void addData(Object object) {

Connection connection = DbHelper.getCon();

ResultSet resultSet = null;

PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;

String tableName = object.getClass().getSimpleName();

Field[] fields = object.getClass().getDeclaredFields();

List allColumns = getColumns(tableName);

StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();

StringBuffer buffer1 = new StringBuffer();

buffer.append("insert into ");

buffer.append(tableName);

buffer.append(" (");

for (int i = 1; i < allColumns.size(); i++) {

buffer.append(allColumns.get(i));

buffer1.append("?");

if (i != allColumns.size() - 1) {

buffer.append(",");

buffer1.append(",");

}

}

buffer.append(") values (");

buffer.append(buffer1);

buffer.append(")");

// System.out.println(buffer.toString());

try {

preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(buffer.toString());

for (int i = 1; i < allColumns.size(); i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < fields.length; j++) {

if ((fields[j].getName()).equals(allColumns.get(i))) {

fields[j].setAccessible(true);

if (fields[j].get(object) == null) {

preparedStatement.setObject(i, "此字段无填充");

} else {

preparedStatement.setObject(i, fields[j].get(object));

}

break;

}

}

}

int a = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();

System.out.println(a);

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

DbHelper.cloRes(connection, preparedStatement, resultSet);

}

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

goods c = new goods();

new DaoPro().addData(c);

}

}