本文档展示了在使用Oracle的exp工具导出数据时遇到的ORA-00904错误，该错误是由于query参数中的特殊字符未正确转义导致的。通过在命令行直接指定查询条件时进行转义，或者将查询条件放入parfile中，可以避免这个问题并成功导出数据。实验结果显示，转义后的命令或使用parfile能正确执行导出操作，且没有警告。
小叶同学用exp导出数据，加了query参数，结果命令执行报ORA-00904错误
如果query在命令行直接指定的话，所有的特殊字符都需要做转义的，如果是放到参数文件里，就无需转义了
简单的做个测试：
[oracle@goolen goolen]$ exp userid=scott/tiger tables=emp file=./a.dmp query=\'where ename='SCOTT'\'
Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Dec 23 11:54:47 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Export done in WE8ISO8859P1 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table EMP
EXP-00056: ORACLE error 904 encountered
ORA-00904: "SCOTT": invalid identifier
Export terminated successfully with warnings.
[oracle@goolen goolen]$
转义后可以成功导出：
[oracle@goolen goolen]$ exp userid=scott/tiger tables=emp file=./b.dmp query=\"where\ ename\=\'SCOTT\'\" STATISTICS=none
Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Dec 23 11:55:45 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Export done in WE8ISO8859P1 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table EMP 1 rows exported
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
把query加到parfile里：
[oracle@goolen goolen]$ cat parfile
query="where ename='SCOTT'"
[oracle@goolen goolen]$ exp userid=scott/tiger tables=emp file=./c.dmp parfile=./parfile STATISTICS=none
Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Dec 23 11:57:48 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Export done in WE8ISO8859P1 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table EMP 1 rows exported
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/23249684/viewspace-1377028/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
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