python中类方法和静态方法的区别_python中静态方法和类方法的区别

1.静态方法就是一个普通的方法，与类和对象无关

2.类方法就是JAVA里面的类方法，属于类，被各个对象共享

class OptSample(object):

count = 0

def __init__(self,origin_data):

self.origin_data = origin_data

@staticmethod

def add_number(num1,num2):

print(num1 + num2)

@classmethod

def total(cls):

print(cls.count)

sample1 = OptSample(1)

sample2 = OptSample(2)

sample1.add_number(2,3)

sample1.total()运行结果是5和0

静态方法其实和普通方法没什么差别，它的参数列表里面不会出现cls,或者self,在一定程度上解释了为什么它是类和对象无关的

class OptSample(object):

count = 0

def __init__(self,origin_data):

self.origin_data = origin_data

self.count += origin_data

@classmethod

def total(cls):

print(cls.count)

sample1 = OptSample(1)

sample1.total()

结果是0，很明显

self.count += origin_data

是在操作一个对象的属性而非一个类的属性,

通常在类的方法较容易操作类属性

class OptSample(object):

count = 0

def __init__(self,origin_data):

self.origin_data = origin_data

@classmethod

def total(cls):

cls.count += 1

print(cls.count)

sample1 = OptSample(1)

sample1.total()

OptSample.total()结果是1和2，类方法通过cls来操作cls

那么就单个对象而言如何在实例方法中去修改类变量？通过self.__class__

class OptSample(object):

count = 0

def __init__(self,origin_data):

self.origin_data = origin_data

self.__class__.count += origin_data

@classmethod

def total(cls):

print(cls.count)

sample1 = OptSample(122)

sample1.total()

OptSample.total()结果是122和122