springboot添加webmagic_爬虫框架webmagic与spring boot的结合使用--转

1. 爬虫框架webmagic

WebMagic是一个简单灵活的爬虫框架。基于WebMagic，你可以快速开发出一个高效、易维护的爬虫。

1.1 官网地址

官网文档写的比较清楚，建议大家直接阅读官方文档，也可以阅读下面的内容。地址如下：

2. webmagic与spring boot框架集成

spring boot与webmagic的结合主要有三个模块，分别为爬取模块Processor,入库模块Pipeline，向数据库存入爬取数据，和定时任务模块Scheduled,复制定时爬取网站数据。

2.1 maven添加

us.codecraft

webmagic-core

0.5.3

us.codecraft

webmagic-extension

0.5.3

2.2 爬取模块Processor

爬取简书首页Processor，分析简书首页的页面数据，获取响应的简书链接和标题，放入wegmagic的Page中，到入库模块取出添加到数据库。代码如下：

package com.shang.spray.common.processor;

import com.shang.spray.entity.News;

import com.shang.spray.entity.Sources;

import com.shang.spray.pipeline.NewsPipeline;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.Selectable;

import java.util.List;

/**

* info:简书首页爬虫

* Created by shang on 16/9/9.

*/

public class JianShuProcessor implements PageProcessor {

private Site site = Site.me()

.setDomain("jianshu.com")

.setSleepTime(100)

.setUserAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36");

;

public static final String list = "http://www.jianshu.com";

@Override

public void process(Page page) {

if (page.getUrl().regex(list).match()) {

List list=page.getHtml().xpath("//ul[@class='article-list thumbnails']/li").nodes();

for (Selectable s : list) {

String title=s.xpath("//div/h4/a/text()").toString();

String link=s.xpath("//div/h4").links().toString();

News news=new News();

news.setTitle(title);

news.setInfo(title);

news.setLink(link);

news.setSources(new Sources(5));

page.putField("news"+title, news);

}

}

}

@Override

public Site getSite() {

return site;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

Spider spider=Spider.create(new JianShuProcessor());

spider.addUrl("http://www.jianshu.com");

spider.addPipeline(new NewsPipeline());

spider.thread(5);

spider.setExitWhenComplete(true);

spider.start();

}

}

2.3 入库模块Pipeline

入库模块结合spring boot的Repository模块一起组合成入库方法，继承webmagic的Pipeline，然后实现方法，在process方法中获取爬虫模块的数据，然后调用spring boot的save方法。代码如下：

package com.shang.spray.pipeline;

import com.shang.spray.entity.News;

import com.shang.spray.entity.Sources;

import com.shang.spray.repository.NewsRepository;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.ResultItems;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.Task;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.pipeline.Pipeline;

import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;

import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;

import javax.persistence.criteria.Predicate;

import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

/**

* info:新闻

* Created by shang on 16/8/22.

*/

@Repository

public class NewsPipeline implements Pipeline {

@Autowired

protected NewsRepository newsRepository;

@Override

public void process(ResultItems resultItems, Task task) {

for (Map.Entry entry : resultItems.getAll().entrySet()) {

if (entry.getKey().contains("news")) {

News news=(News) entry.getValue();

Specification specification=new Specification() {

@Override

public Predicate toPredicate(Root root, CriteriaQuery> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) {

return criteriaBuilder.and(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("link"),news.getLink()));

}

};

if (newsRepository.findOne(specification) == null) {//检查链接是否已存在

news.setAuthor("水花");

news.setTypeId(1);

news.setSort(1);

news.setStatus(1);

news.setExplicitLink(true);

news.setCreateDate(new Date());

news.setModifyDate(new Date());

newsRepository.save(news);

}

}

}

}

}

2.4 定时任务模块Scheduled

使用spring boot自带的定时任务注解@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 0/2 * * ? "),每天从0天开始，每两个小时执行一次爬取任务，在定时任务里调取webmagic的爬取模块Processor。代码如下：

package com.shang.spray.common.scheduled;

import com.shang.spray.common.processor.DevelopersProcessor;

import com.shang.spray.common.processor.JianShuProcessor;

import com.shang.spray.common.processor.ZhiHuProcessor;

import com.shang.spray.entity.Config;

import com.shang.spray.pipeline.NewsPipeline;

import com.shang.spray.service.ConfigService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;

import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;

import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;

import javax.persistence.criteria.Predicate;

import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;

/**

* info:新闻定时任务

* Created by shang on 16/8/22.

*/

@Component

public class NewsScheduled {

@Autowired

private NewsPipeline newsPipeline;

/**

* 简书

*/

@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 0/2 * * ? ")//从0点开始,每2个小时执行一次

public void jianShuScheduled() {

System.out.println("----开始执行简书定时任务");

Spider spider = Spider.create(new JianShuProcessor());

spider.addUrl("http://www.jianshu.com");

spider.addPipeline(newsPipeline);

spider.thread(5);

spider.setExitWhenComplete(true);

spider.start();

spider.stop();

}

}

2.5 spring boot启用定时任务

在spring boot的Application里启用定时任务注解，@EnableScheduling。代码如下：

package com.shang.spray;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

/**

* info:

* Created by shang on 16/7/8.

*/

@Configuration

@EnableAutoConfiguration

@ComponentScan

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableScheduling

public class SprayApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer{

@Override

protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {

return application.sources(SprayApplication.class);

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

SpringApplication.run(SprayApplication.class, args);

}

}

3. 结束语

使用webmagic是我在水花一现项目中爬取网站数据时使用的的爬虫框架，在综合比较的其他几个爬虫框架后，选择了这个框架，这个框架比较简单易学，且功能强大，我这里只使用了基本的功能，还有许多强大的功能都没有使用。有兴趣的可以去看看官方文档！