oracle 手动分配extent_手动创建Oracle实例

手工建库步骤

Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID)(指定一个实例的标识符SID)

Step 2: Ensure That the Required Environment Variables Are Set(确认环境变量的设置)

Step 3: Choose a Database Administrator Authentication Method(决定数据库管理员的认证方法)

Step 4: Create the Initialization Parameter File(创建初始化的参数文件信息)

Step 5: (Windows Only) Create an Instance

Step 6: Connect to the Instance(连接实例)

Step 7: Create a Server Parameter File(创建spfile)

Step 8: Start the Instance(启动实例)

Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement(创建DATABASE的语句)

Step 10: Create Additional Tablespaces(创建额外的表空间)

Step 11: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views(运行脚本创建数据库字典视图)

Step 12: (Optional) Run Scripts to Install Additional Options

Step 13: Back Up the Database.

Step 14: (Optional) Enable Automatic Instance Startup

Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID)(指定一个实例的标识符SID)

export Oracle_SID=lenovo

echo $ORACLE_SID

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/lenovo/adump

orapwd file="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwLENOVO" password=oracle entries=30

Step 2: Ensure That the Required Environment Variables Are Set(确认环境变量的设置)

[oracle@RedHat3 lenovo]$ mkdir datafile

[oracle@redhat3 lenovo]$ mkdir redolog

[oracle@redhat3 lenovo]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo

[oracle@redhat3 ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

#Oracle Settings

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=lenovo

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/X11R6/lib/

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

export LANG=C

umask 022

alias date='date +%Y-%m-%d%t%A%t%T '

Step 3: Choose a Database Administrator Authentication Method(决定数据库管理员的认证方法)

[oracle@redhat3 bin]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin

[oracle@redhat3 bin]$ orapwd file=orapwdlenovo password=oracle entries=30

Step 4: Create the Initialization Parameter File(创建初始化的参数文件信息)

[oracle@redhat3 dbs]$ cat initlenovo.ora

db_name='LENOVO'

memory_target=808M

control_files = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/controlfile/control01.ctl')

Step 6: Connect to the Instance(连接实例)

[oracle@redhat3 dbs]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

lenovo

[oracle@redhat3 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Nov 1 19:28:17 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>

Step 7: Create a Server Parameter File(创建spfile)

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initlenovo.ora';

Step 8: Start the Instance(启动实例)

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 843456512 bytes

Fixed Size 2257920 bytes

Variable Size 494930944 bytes

Database Buffers 343932928 bytes

Redo Buffers 2334720 bytes

Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement(创建DATABASE的语句)

create_db.sql

CREATE DATABASE lenovo

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/redolog/redo01a.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/redolog/redo02a.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/redolog/redo03a.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512

MAXLOGFILES 5

MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXDATAFILES 100

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/datafile/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/datafile/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/datafile/users01.dbf'

SIZE 50M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/datafile/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20M REUSE

UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/datafile/undotbs01.dbf'

SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

SQL> @/home/oracle/create_db.sql

Database created.

Step 10: Create Additional Tablespaces(创建额外的表空间)

SQL>CREATE TABLESPACE zstest DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lenovo/datafile/test01.dbf' SIZE 50M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

----------------------------------------

READ WRITE

Step 11: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views(运行脚本创建数据库字典视图)

SYSDBA用户执行如下脚本

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

SYSTEM用户执行如下脚本

@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql