mysql命令select 0 is null_mysql查询语句select-（null，not null，is null和is not null）

null 和 not null是mysql的字段属性，或称为数据类型的属性，不属于任何类型。null值也不等同于空值，空值是不占用存储空间的，null占用存储空间，如对myisam表占用1bit额外存储空间。

1.2 is null与 is not null

is null和 is not null是mysql的运算符。查询某字段为空时用is null，而不能使用"=null",因为mysql中的null不等于任何其他值，也不等于另外一个null，优化器会把"=null"的查询过滤掉而不返回任何数据；查询某字段为非空时使用is not null。

1.3 ifnull():语法如下：

IFNULL(expr1,expr2)

如果expr1不是NULL，IFNULL()返回expr1，否则它返回expr2。IFNULL()返回一个数字或字符串值，取决于它被使用的上下文环境。

2.1 创建测试表

CREATE TABLE PLAYERS

(PLAYERNO INTEGER NOT NULL,

NAME CHAR(15) NOT NULL,

INITIALS CHAR(3) NOT NULL,

BIRTH_DATE DATE ,

SEX CHAR(1) NOT NULL,

JOINED SMALLINT NOT NULL,

STREET VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,

HOUSENO CHAR(4) ,

POSTCODE CHAR(6) ,

TOWN VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,

PHONENO CHAR(13) ,

LEAGUENO CHAR(4) ,

PRIMARY KEY (PLAYERNO));

2.2 插入测试数据

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (2, 'Everett', 'R', '1948-09-01', 'M', 1975, 'Stoney Road', '43', '3575NH', 'Stratford', '070-237893', '2411');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (6, 'Parmenter', 'R', '1964-06-25', 'M', 1977, 'Haseltine Lane', '80', '1234KK', 'Stratford', '070-476537', '8467');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (7, 'Wise', 'GWS', '1963-05-11', 'M', 1981, 'Edgecombe Way', '39', '9758VB', 'Stratford', '070-347689', NULL);

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (8, 'Newcastle', 'B', '1962-07-08', 'F', 1980, 'Station Road','4', '6584WO', 'Inglewood', '070-458458', '2983');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (27, 'Collins', 'DD', '1964-12-28', 'F', 1983, 'Long Drive','804', '8457DK', 'Eltham', '079-234857', '2513');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (28, 'Collins', 'C', '1963-06-22', 'F', 1983, 'Old Main Road','10', '1294QK', 'Midhurst', '010-659599', NULL);

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (39, 'Bishop', 'D', '1956-10-29', 'M', 1980, 'Eaton Square','78', '9629CD', 'Stratford', '070-393435', NULL);

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (44, 'Baker', 'E', '1963-01-09', 'M', 1980, 'Lewis Street','23', '4444LJ', 'Inglewood', '070-368753', '1124');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (57, 'Brown', 'M', '1971-08-17', 'M', 1985, 'Edgecombe Way','16', '4377CB', 'Stratford', '070-473458', '6409');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (83, 'Hope', 'PK', '1956-11-11', 'M', 1982, 'Magdalene Road','16A', '1812UP', 'Stratford', '070-353548', '1608');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (95, 'Miller', 'P', '1963-05-14', 'M', 1972, 'High Street','33A', '5746OP', 'Douglas', '070-867564', NULL);

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (100, 'Parmenter', 'P', '1963-02-28', 'M', 1979, 'Haseltine Lane','80', '6494SG', 'Stratford', '070-494593', '6524');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (104, 'Moorman', 'D', '1970-05-10', 'F', 1984, 'Stout Street','65', '9437AO', 'Eltham', '079-987571', '7060');

INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES (112, 'Bailey', 'IP', '1963-10-01', 'F', 1984, 'Vixen Road','8', '6392LK', 'Plymouth', '010-548745', '1319');

3.1 实例1

获取拥有一个联盟会员号码的每个球员的号码和联盟会员的号码。

select playerno, leagueno

from players

where leagueno is not null;

注意：is null不能用=号代替。

3.2 实例2

如果要获得非联盟成员的所有球员的信息，只需将is not null改为is null 即可

select playerno， leagueno

from players

where leagueno is null;

3.3 实例3 isfull()函数1

mysql> SELECT IFNULL(1,'test');

+------------------+

| IFNULL(1,'test') |

+------------------+

| 1 |

+------------------+    由于 expr1 是 1，不为 NULL，所以函数返回1.

mysql> SELECT IFNULL(1/0,'test');

+--------------------+

| IFNULL(1/0,'test') |

+--------------------+

| test |

+--------------------+    由于 expr1 是NULL，所以函数返回test.

4.1 排序时mysql将null作为最小值处理。

4.2 not null字段不能插入null，但可以插入空值。

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