pyqt5菜单打开本地html,【第四节】PyQt5菜单和工具栏

在这部分PyQt5教程中,我们将创建菜单和工具栏。

主窗口

QMainWindow 类提供了一个主要的应用程序窗口。你用它可以让应用程序添加状态栏,工具栏和菜单栏。

状态栏

状态栏用于显示状态信息。

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a statusbar.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication

class Example(QMainWindow):

def __init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

def initUI(self):

self.statusBar().showMessage('Ready')

self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)

self.setWindowTitle('Statusbar')

self.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

ex = Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

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#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a statusbar.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

importsys

fromPyQt5.QtWidgetsimportQMainWindow,QApplication

classExample(QMainWindow):

def__init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

definitUI(self):

self.statusBar().showMessage('Ready')

self.setGeometry(300,300,250,150)

self.setWindowTitle('Statusbar')

self.show()

if__name__=='__main__':

app=QApplication(sys.argv)

ex=Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

你用QMainWindow创建状态栏的小窗口。

Python

self.statusBar().showMessage('Ready')

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self.statusBar().showMessage('Ready')

QMainWindow类第一次调用statusBar()方法创建一个状态栏。后续调用返回的状态栏对象。showMessage()状态栏上显示一条消息。

菜单栏

菜单栏是常见的窗口应用程序的一部分。(Mac OS将菜单条不同。得到类似的结果,我们可以添加以下行:menubar.setNativeMenuBar(假)。)

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a menubar. The

menubar has one menu with an exit action.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, qApp, QApplication

from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon

class Example(QMainWindow):

def __init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

def initUI(self):

exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit.png'), '&Exit', self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

self.statusBar()

#创建一个菜单栏

menubar = self.menuBar()

#添加菜单

fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')

#添加事件

fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)

self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)

self.setWindowTitle('Menubar')

self.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

ex = Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

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#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a menubar. The

menubar has one menu with an exit action.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

importsys

fromPyQt5.QtWidgetsimportQMainWindow,QAction,qApp,QApplication

fromPyQt5.QtGuiimportQIcon

classExample(QMainWindow):

def__init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

definitUI(self):

exitAction=QAction(QIcon('exit.png'),'&Exit',self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

self.statusBar()

#创建一个菜单栏

menubar=self.menuBar()

#添加菜单

fileMenu=menubar.addMenu('&File')

#添加事件

fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)

self.setGeometry(300,300,300,200)

self.setWindowTitle('Menubar')

self.show()

if__name__=='__main__':

app=QApplication(sys.argv)

ex=Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

在上面的例子中,我们创建一个菜单栏和一个菜单。这个菜单将终止应用程序。Ctrl + Q的行动是可访问的快捷方式。

Python

exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit.png'), '&Exit', self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')

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exitAction=QAction(QIcon('exit.png'),'&Exit',self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')

QAction可以操作菜单栏,工具栏,或自定义键盘快捷键。上面三行,我们创建一个事件和一个特定的图标和一个“退出”的标签。然后,在定义该操作的快捷键。

第三行创建一个鼠标指针悬停在该菜单项上时的提示。

Python

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

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exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

当我们点击菜单的时候，调用qApp.quit,终止应用程序。

工具栏

工具栏提供了一个快速访问的入口。

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a toolbar.

The toolbar has one action, which

terminates the application, if triggered.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, qApp, QApplication

from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon

class Example(QMainWindow):

def __init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

def initUI(self):

exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'), 'Exit', self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

self.toolbar = self.addToolBar('Exit')

self.toolbar.addAction(exitAction)

self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)

self.setWindowTitle('Toolbar')

self.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

ex = Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

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#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a toolbar.

The toolbar has one action, which

terminates the application, if triggered.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

importsys

fromPyQt5.QtWidgetsimportQMainWindow,QAction,qApp,QApplication

fromPyQt5.QtGuiimportQIcon

classExample(QMainWindow):

def__init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

definitUI(self):

exitAction=QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'),'Exit',self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

self.toolbar=self.addToolBar('Exit')

self.toolbar.addAction(exitAction)

self.setGeometry(300,300,300,200)

self.setWindowTitle('Toolbar')

self.show()

if__name__=='__main__':

app=QApplication(sys.argv)

ex=Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

在上面的例子中,我们创建一个简单的工具栏。工具栏有有一个按钮,点击关闭窗口。

Python

exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'), 'Exit', self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

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exitAction=QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'),'Exit',self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)

类似于上面的菜单栏的例子,我们创建一个QAction事件。该事件有一个标签、图标和快捷键。退出窗口的方法

把他们放在一起

在本节的最后一个例子中,我们将创建一个菜单条,工具栏和状态栏的小窗口

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a skeleton of

a classic GUI application with a menubar,

toolbar, statusbar, and a central widget.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QTextEdit, QAction, QApplication

from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon

class Example(QMainWindow):

def __init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

def initUI(self):

textEdit = QTextEdit()

self.setCentralWidget(textEdit)

exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'), 'Exit', self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')

exitAction.triggered.connect(self.close)

self.statusBar()

menubar = self.menuBar()

fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')

fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)

toolbar = self.addToolBar('Exit')

toolbar.addAction(exitAction)

self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 250)

self.setWindowTitle('Main window')

self.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

ex = Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

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#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Py40 PyQt5 tutorial

This program creates a skeleton of

a classic GUI application with a menubar,

toolbar, statusbar, and a central widget.

author: Jan Bodnar

website: py40.com

last edited: January 2015

"""

importsys

fromPyQt5.QtWidgetsimportQMainWindow,QTextEdit,QAction,QApplication

fromPyQt5.QtGuiimportQIcon

classExample(QMainWindow):

def__init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI()

definitUI(self):

textEdit=QTextEdit()

self.setCentralWidget(textEdit)

exitAction=QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'),'Exit',self)

exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')

exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')

exitAction.triggered.connect(self.close)

self.statusBar()

menubar=self.menuBar()

fileMenu=menubar.addMenu('&File')

fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)

toolbar=self.addToolBar('Exit')

toolbar.addAction(exitAction)

self.setGeometry(300,300,350,250)

self.setWindowTitle('Main window')

self.show()

if__name__=='__main__':

app=QApplication(sys.argv)

ex=Example()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

创建了一个窗口

Python

textEdit = QTextEdit()

self.setCentralWidget(textEdit)

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textEdit=QTextEdit()

self.setCentralWidget(textEdit)

我们创建了一个QTextEdit,并把他设置为窗口的布局