mysql 主从 乱码_MySQL：乱码问题处理流程

简单记录未做代码验证

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hex(col) 返回字符集直接从database charset拿，跳过了转换，直接返回二进制，可以用于测试数据库存储的是什么字符集。(需要后期代码验证)

hex('去') 在client charset和connect charset设置一致的情况下，不需要转换，hex直接返回输入字符的二进制，可以用于测试终端到底是字符集。(需要后期代码验证)

set names 设置 client charset/connect charset/result charset

诊断乱码，

1、可以先查询client charset/connect charset/result charset是否一致，不一致先设置为一致。

2、然后查看数据库存储的字符集是什么

3、然后查看client charset/connect charset/result charset是否和它一致，然后查看终端字符集是否一致。

终端UTF8

mysql> select hex(name),name,hex('去') from testchr;

+-----------+------+-----------+

| hex(name) | name | hex('?') |

+-----------+------+-----------+

| E58EBB | ? | C8A5 |

| C8A5 | ? | C8A5 |

| C8A5 | ? | C8A5 |

+-----------+------+-----------+

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | gbk |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | gbk |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /newdata/mysql3306/install/share/charsets/ |

| ft_query_extra_word_chars | OFF |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

9 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

1、终端 GBK->names GBK->存储utf8

转换正常

2、终端 GBK->names utf8->存储utf8 把GBK当做UTF8存储，UTF8有2字节字符。

GBK存入utf8

mysql> select hex(name) from testchr;

+-----------+

| hex(name) |

+-----------+

| E58EBB |

| C8A5 |

+-----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3、终端UTF8->names gbk->存储utf8

终端转入names gbk 失败

mysql> insert into testchr values('去');

ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1

4、终端UTF8->names gbk->存储GBK，因为GBK没有1字节的，也就是将UTF8当做GBK想存入数据库的GBK中。

转换失败

mysql> insert into testchr2 values('去');

ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xBB' for column 'name' at row 1

5、终端GBK->names utf8->储存gbk，因为C8A5不是有效的UTF8字符，也就是想把GBK当做UTF8做转换存入GBK。

转换失败

mysql> insert into testchr2 values('去');

ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xC8\xA5' for column 'name' at row 1

做好几种字符集一致即可。

6、终端utf8，更改character_set_connection测试

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8 |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /newdata/mysql3306/install/share/charsets/ |

| ft_query_extra_word_chars | OFF |

+---------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

9 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> set character_set_connection=gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ('去');

+-----+

| 去 |

+-----+

| 去 |

+-----+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select hex('去');

+------------+

| hex('去') |

+------------+

| C8A5 |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select hex('去');

+------------+

| hex('去') |

+------------+

| E58EBB |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)