java elementdata_ArrayList中elementData为什么被transient修饰

Java的ArrayList中,定义了一个数组elementData用来装载对象的，具体定义如下：

/**

* The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored.

* The capacity of the ArrayList is the length of this array buffer. Any

* empty ArrayList with elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA

* will be expanded to DEFAULT_CAPACITY when the first element is added.

*/

transient Object[] elementData; // non-private to simplify nested class access

transient用来表示一个域不是该对象序行化的一部分，当一个对象被序行化的时候，transient修饰的变量的值是不包括在序行化的表示中的。但是ArrayList又是可序行化的类，elementData是ArrayList具体存放元素的成员，用transient来修饰elementData，岂不是反序列化后的ArrayList丢失了原先的元素？

其实玄机在于ArrayList中的两个方法：

/**

* Save the state of the ArrayList instance to a stream (that

* is, serialize it).

*

* @serialData The length of the array backing the ArrayList

* instance is emitted (int), followed by all of its elements

* (each an Object) in the proper order.

*/

private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)

throws java.io.IOException{

// Write out element count, and any hidden stuff

int expectedModCount = modCount;

s.defaultWriteObject();

// Write out size as capacity for behavioural compatibility with clone()

s.writeInt(size);

// Write out all elements in the proper order.

for (int i=0; i

s.writeObject(elementData[i]);

}

if (modCount != expectedModCount) {

throw new ConcurrentModificationException();

}

}

/**

* Reconstitute the ArrayList instance from a stream (that is,

* deserialize it).

*/

private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)

throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {

elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;

// Read in size, and any hidden stuff

s.defaultReadObject();

// Read in capacity

s.readInt(); // ignored

if (size > 0) {

// be like clone(), allocate array based upon size not capacity

ensureCapacityInternal(size);

Object[] a = elementData;

// Read in all elements in the proper order.

for (int i=0; i

a[i] = s.readObject();

}

}

}

ArrayList在序列化的时候会调用writeObject，直接将size和element写入ObjectOutputStream；反序列化时调用readObject，从ObjectInputStream获取size和element，再恢复到elementData。

为什么不直接用elementData来序列化，而采用上诉的方式来实现序列化呢？原因在于elementData是一个缓存数组，它通常会预留一些容量，等容量不足时再扩充容量，那么有些空间可能就没有实际存储元素，采用上诉的方式来实现序列化时，就可以保证只序列化实际存储的那些元素，而不是整个数组，从而节省空间和时间。

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zero__007/article/details/52166306