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Passing by Reference

You can pass a variable by reference to a function so the function   can modify the variable. The syntax is as follows:

{$var++;

}$a=5;foo($a);// $a is 6 here?>

Note:      There is no reference sign on a function call - only on      function definitions. Function definitions alone are enough to      correctly pass the argument by reference.  As of PHP 5.3.0,      you will get a warning saying that "call-time pass-by-reference" is      deprecated when you use & in foo(&$a);.       And as of PHP 5.4.0, call-time pass-by-reference was removed, so      using it will raise a fatal error.

The following things can be passed by reference:

Variables, i.e. foo($a)

New statements, i.e. foo(new foobar())

References returned from functions, i.e.:

{$var++;

}

function &bar()

{$a= 5;

return$a;

}foo(bar());?>     See more about returning by reference.

No other expressions should be passed by reference, as the  result is undefined. For example, the following examples of passing  by reference are invalid:

{$var++;

}

functionbar() // Note the missing &{$a= 5;

return$a;

}foo(bar());// Produces fatal error since PHP 5.0.5foo($a=5);// Expression, not variablefoo(5);// Produces fatal error?>     These requirements are for PHP 4.0.4 and later.