Based on your information: You are trying to do a connect() to 54.x.x.x
The socket is non-blocking
Connection timeout is 60 sec
First, if you look into your /usr/include/asm-generic/errno.h you'll see the following: #define EINPROGRESS 115 /* Operation now in progress */
It means an existing operation on the socket is in progress. Since, you said you are doing a connect() call, lets do a man connect: EINPROGRESS The socket is nonblocking and the connection cannot be completed immediately. It is possible to select(2) or poll(2) for completion by selecting the socket for writing. After select(2) indicates writability, use getsockopt(2) to read the SO_ERROR option at level SOL_SOCKET to determine whether connect() completed successfully (SO_ERROR is zero) or unsuccessfully (SO_ERROR is one of the usual error codes listed here, explaining the reason for the failure).
So, the best guess would be that the TCP 3-way handshake (your connect() call to 54.x.x.x IP address) is taking longer than expected to complete. Since the connect() operation is already in progress, any subsequent operation on the socket is resulting into EINPROGRESS error code. As suggested in the man page, try to use select() or poll() to check if your socket is ready to use (to perform read() or write() calls).
You can pin-point what is preventing your TCP handshake to complete by capturing and analyzing the traffic to/from your own machine and 54.x.x.x. The best tool to help you with this is called WireShark. Good luck.