mysql 什么是字符串函数_mysql字符串函数有哪些？

mysql字符串函数有：1、LOWER，将字符串参数值转换为全小写字母后返回；2、UPPER，将字符串参数值转换为全大写字母后返回；3、CONCAT，将多个字符串参数首尾相连后返回；4、SUBSTR，从源字符串str中指定位置pos开始取。

mysql字符串函数有：

1、LOWER(column|str)：将字符串参数值转换为全小写字母后返回mysql> select lower('SQL Course');+---------------------+

| lower('SQL Course') |

+---------------------+

| sql course |

+---------------------+

2、UPPER(column|str)：将字符串参数值转换为全大写字母后返回mysql> select upper('Use MYsql');+--------------------+

| upper('Use MYsql') |

+--------------------+

| USE MYSQL |

+--------------------+

3、CONCAT(column|str1, column|str2,...)：将多个字符串参数首尾相连后返回mysql> select concat('My','S','QL');+-----------------------+

| concat('My','S','QL') |

+-----------------------+

| MySQL |

+-----------------------+

如果有任何参数为null，则函数返回nullmysql> select concat('My',null,'QL');+------------------------+

| concat('My',null,'QL') |

+------------------------+

| NULL |

+------------------------+

如果参数是数字，则自动转换为字符串mysql> select concat(14.3,'mysql');+----------------------+

| concat(14.3,'mysql') |

+----------------------+

| 14.3mysql |

+----------------------+

4、CONCAT_WS(separator,str1,str2,...)：将多个字符串参数以给定的分隔符separator首尾相连后返回mysql> select concat_ws(';','First name','Second name','Last name');+-------------------------------------------------------+

| concat_ws(';','First name','Second name','Last name') |

+-------------------------------------------------------+

| First name;Second name;Last name |

+-------------------------------------------------------+

！！也就是函数圆括号里的第一个项目用来指定分隔符

5、SUBSTR(str,pos[,len])：从源字符串str中的指定位置pos开始取一个字串并返回

注意：

①len指定子串的长度，如果省略则一直取到字符串的末尾；len为负值表示从源字符串的尾部开始取起。

②函数SUBSTR()是函数SUBSTRING()的同义词。mysql> select substring('hello world',5);+----------------------------+

| substring('hello world',5) |

+----------------------------+

| o world |

+----------------------------+mysql> select substr('hello world',5,3);+---------------------------+

| substr('hello world',5,3) |

+---------------------------+

| o w |

+---------------------------+mysql> select substr('hello world',-5);+--------------------------+

| substr('hello world',-5) |

+--------------------------+

| world |

+--------------------------+

6、LENGTH(str)：返回字符串的存储长度mysql> select length('text'),length('你好');+----------------+------------------+

| length('text') | length('你好') |

+----------------+------------------+

| 4 | 6 |

+----------------+------------------+

注意：编码方式不同字符串的存储长度就不一样(‘你好’:utf8是6，gbk是4)

7、CHAR_LENGTH(str)：返回字符串中的字符个数mysql> select char_length('text'),char_length('你好');+---------------------+-----------------------+

| char_length('text') | char_length('你好') |

+---------------------+-----------------------+

| 4 | 2 |

+---------------------+-----------------------+

8、INSTR(str, substr)：从源字符串str中返回子串substr第一次出现的位置mysql> select instr('foobarbar','bar');+--------------------------+

| instr('foobarbar','bar') |

+--------------------------+

| 4 |

+--------------------------+

9、LPAD(str, len, padstr)：在源字符串的左边填充给定的字符padstr到指定的长度len，返回填充后的字符串mysql> select lpad('hi',5,'??');+-------------------+

| lpad('hi',5,'??') |

+-------------------+

| ???hi |

+-------------------+

10、RPAD(str, len, padstr)：在源字符串的右边填充给定的字符padstr到指定的长度len，返回填充后的字符串mysql> select rpad('hi',6,'??');+-------------------+| rpad('hi',6,'??') |+-------------------+| hi???? |+-------------------+

11、TRIM([{BOTH | LEADING | TRAILING} [remstr] FROM] str), TRIM([remstr FROM] str)：

从源字符串str中去掉两端、前缀或后缀字符remstr并返回；

如果不指定remstr，则去掉str两端的空格；不指定BOTH、LEADING、TRAILING ，则默认为 BOTH。mysql> select trim(' bar ');+-----------------+

| trim(' bar ') |

+-----------------+

| bar |

+-----------------+mysql> select trim(leading 'x' from 'xxxbarxxx');+------------------------------------+

| trim(leading 'x' from 'xxxbarxxx') |

+------------------------------------+

| barxxx |

+------------------------------------+mysql> select trim(both 'x' from 'xxxbarxxx');+---------------------------------+

| trim(both 'x' from 'xxxbarxxx') |

+---------------------------------+

| bar |

+---------------------------------+mysql> select trim(trailing 'xyz' from 'barxxyz');+-------------------------------------+

| trim(trailing 'xyz' from 'barxxyz') |

+-------------------------------------+

| barx |

+-------------------------------------+

12、REPLACE(str, from_str, to_str)：在源字符串str中查找所有的子串form_str(大小写敏感)，找到后使用替代字符串to_str替换它。返回替换后的字符串mysql> select replace('www.mysql.com','w','Ww');+-----------------------------------+

| replace('www.mysql.com','w','Ww') |

+-----------------------------------+

| WwWwWw.mysql.com |

+-----------------------------------+

13、LTRIM(str)，RTRIM(str)：去掉字符串的左边或右边的空格(左对齐、右对齐)mysql> SELECT ltrim(' barbar ') rs1, rtrim(' barbar ') rs2;+-----------+-----------+

| rs1 | rs2 |

+-----------+-----------+

| barbar | barbar |

+-----------+-----------+

14、REPEAT(str, count)：将字符串str重复count次后返回mysql> select repeat('MySQL',3);+-------------------+

| repeat('MySQL',3) |

+-------------------+

| MySQLMySQLMySQL |

+-------------------+

15、REVERSE(str)：将字符串str反转后返回mysql> select reverse('abcdef');+-------------------+

| reverse('abcdef') |

+-------------------+

| fedcba |

+-------------------+

16、CHAR(N,... [USING charset_name])：将每个参数N解释为整数(字符的编码)，并返回每个整数对应的字符所构成的字符串(NULL值被忽略)。mysql> select char(77,121,83,81,'76'),char(77,77.3,'77.3');+-------------------------+----------------------+

| char(77,121,83,81,'76') | char(77,77.3,'77.3') |

+-------------------------+----------------------+

| MySQL | MMM |

+-------------------------+----------------------+

默认情况下，函数返回二进制字符串，若想返回针对特定字符集的字符串，使用using选项mysql> SELECT charset(char(0x65)), charset(char(0x65 USING utf8));+---------------------+--------------------------------+

| charset(char(0x65)) | charset(char(0x65 USING utf8)) |

+---------------------+--------------------------------+

| binary | utf8 |

+---------------------+--------------------------------+

17、FORMAT(X,D[,locale])：以格式‘#,###,###.##’格式化数字XD指定小数位数

locale指定国家语言(默认的locale为en_US)

mysql> SELECT format(12332.123456, 4),format(12332.2,0);+-------------------------+-------------------+

| format(12332.123456, 4) | format(12332.2,0) |

+-------------------------+-------------------+

| 12,332.1235 | 12,332 |

+-------------------------+-------------------+mysql> SELECT format(12332.2,2,'de_DE');+---------------------------+

| format(12332.2,2,'de_DE') |

+---------------------------+

| 12.332,20 |

+---------------------------+

18、SPACE(N)：返回由N个空格构成的字符串mysql> select space(3);+----------+

| space(3) |

+----------+

| |

+----------+

19、LEFT(str, len)：返回最左边的len长度的子串mysql> select left('chinaitsoft',5);+-----------------------+

| left('chinaitsoft',5) |

+-----------------------+

| china |

+-----------------------+

20、RIGHT(str, len)：返回最右边的len长度的子串mysql> select right('chinaitsoft',5);+------------------------+

| right('chinaitsoft',5) |

+------------------------+

| tsoft |

+------------------------+

21、STRCMP(expr1,expr2)：如果两个字符串是一样的则返回0；如果第一个小于第二个则返回-1；否则返回1mysql> select strcmp('text','text');+-----------------------+

| strcmp('text','text') |

+-----------------------+

| 0 |

+-----------------------+mysql> SELECT strcmp('text', 'text2'),strcmp('text2', 'text');+-------------------------+-------------------------+

| strcmp('text', 'text2') | strcmp('text2', 'text') |

+-------------------------+-------------------------+

| -1 | 1 |

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